is the thesis that a particular event, y, is causally necessitated by x, if x is some acting thing or some event, such that, given x, the unique event y must happen because x makes it happen.12 By contrast, theologians like to talk about theological determinism. This is not the same thesis as causal determinism because the idea is that God, an immaterial agent, determines a unique future for the created order. This includes the physical creation but does not comprise it. For presumably there are