These are all versions of the cosmological argument, each arguing from a different aspect of contingency relations. While not spelled out in any great detail, there is enough here to answer the Buddha’s objections. Since Brahman is outside of dependent origination as cause, he is clearly not subject to it. Furthermore, the evidence of evil cannot destroy the logic of this argument. At best, it can demand refinement in the conclusion, and since Udayana advocates a level of free will, Brahman’s responsibility