The textual history of the Didache remains quite complicated. As the Didache often reflects a late first- or early second-century social setting, the manuscript tradition does not model such a date, and is, in fact, quite varied in terms of MS dates. Some direct MS witnesses survive, but the only surviving and generally complete MS dates to the mid-eleventh century (Codex Hierosolymitanus [H54]). Additionally, two early fragments exist, one being a fourth-century Greek