Women’s Missionary Council and promoted its programs. Hammond addressed issues of racial discrimination, mob violence, labor peonage and poverty, arguing that social problems must be viewed in light of Christian precepts. She wrote several books, including In Black and White (1914) and In the Vanguard of a Race (1922). While Hammond’s opinions, in many respects, were more enlightened than those of the society in which she lived, she was content with a separate-but-equal policy toward African-Americans.