cause and effect has no application except in the world of phenomena (though Kant himself applies it in positing an action of things per se on the sensitive subject, and introduces a “causality” of the noumenal self, etc.).1 The same remark applies to the “antinomies “or self-contradictions in which the mind is said to involve itself in every attempt at a theoretic application of the cosmological “Idea.” The “antinomies” are rather to be regarded as rival alternatives of thought, which, indeed, are