criticism. It is well-known, for example, that the so-called Tübingen school, of which F. Chr. Baur was the father, is strongly under Hegelian influence. Later followed the liberal school (H. J. Holtzmann, Ad. Harnack, W. Heitmüller, Ad. Jülicher and others) which held sway until far into the twentieth century. For it the kernel of the gospel was the kingdom of heaven that Jesus taught to be a spiritual kingdom of love. Only the preaching of Jesus, and not his person, belongs to the original gospel.