“Therefore” Ezekiel is to bring a messenger-word, to an Israel that knows herself as over and done with (37:12–14). In it, the Lord says to Israel that she can and will live again. The language is bluntly physical: “I am going to open your graves, and bring you up from your graves, O my people” (37:12). It is the scope of the promise of resurrection—both within the vision and in the messenger-word to Israel—that has occasioned centuries of exegetical argument. But before moving to the great issue,