And this is patently the line of demarcation between Bonhoeffer’s Confessing Church and Müller’s Reichskirche. Hitler was ultimately and pitifully the object of his own quest for redemption. And his program failed spectacularly. This is an essential backdrop for understanding Bonhoeffer’s view of Christ and the cross. Just as Paul’s views of Christ, salvation, and the Christian life were diametrically opposed to the values and presuppositions of the Greco-Roman world, so too Bonhoeffer’s views ran