of Jesus Christ (apokalypsei Iēsou Christou). Two temporal revelations of Jesus Christ are mentioned in this letter, his initial manifestation in human history (1:20; cf. 2 Cor 12:1; Gal 1:12), and his final appearance at the end of time (1:5, 7; 4:13; 5:4; cf. Luke 17:30; 1 Cor 1:7; 2 Thess 1:7; 2:8). The phrase here could refer to either. The future orientation of hope could favor the latter case, but the former option is perhaps preferable. In this case, the phrase would be alluding to the reception