venomous substance. Pointing debar (MT deber) hawwōt, and comparing Pss 41:9, debar beliyyaʿal, “a lethal substance,” and 64:4, dābār mār, “a poisonous substance.” The fourth NOTE on Ps 52:3 discusses the different nuances of hawwōt. God will safeguard the king against the poisoned arrows that were used in ancient hunting and warfare. Cf. Ps 141:9 where paḥ and qešōt, “bows,” are the instruments of the chase. 4. With … under. For the pairing of the prepositions be and taḥat, cf.