Here one sees Hammon’s veiled attack upon whites in his audience who are rich and have the gospel but remain lost. The alteration that Hammon makes to Paul’s words cannot be overstated, for this change coheres with the gospel parable (Luke 14:15–24) he echoes right after this Pauline passage. In Hammon’s reading of this parable, the wealthy that God invited to the feast refused the invitation, so others were called in their stead. Hammon views his current situation as similar to that of the parable:
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