claim of a uniform text can no longer be made. Many Muslims also believe the “original manuscript” which Muhammad himself gathered and constructed is still in existence. However, there are no originals in existence. Some of the manuscripts that are often touted as the original manuscripts copied and sent out by Uthman 20 years after Muhammad’s death, The Topkapi and the Samarquand, are actually dated to the end of the 8th century at the earliest. In addition, the traditional account admits that most