4. Sanctions. God’s covenants also contain an oath, a sanction, or a pledge that the covenant partner must make. This oath outlines the blessings for obedience and the curses for disobedience that are binding upon the covenant partner. The clearest example of this is in Deuteronomy 27–30, where Moses read to the Israelites the list of blessings and curses that were attached to God’s covenant with His people. Moses closed out the list with a final warning to the people, saying, “I have set before