Dallas Willard organizes the disciplines differently. In The Spirit of the Disciplines, he articulates two groupings: abstinence (solitude, silence, fasting, frugality, chastity, secrecy and sacrifice) and engagement (study, worship, celebration, service, prayer, fellowship, confession and submission). However they are categorized, these habits of spiritual formation are paramount because they address the inner character of the pastor. They give access to the Holy Spirit to shape the soul, the mind,