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The Ancient Near East: An Essential Guide is unavailable, but you can change that!

The cultures of the great empires of the ancient Near East from Egypt to Mesopotamia influenced Israel's religion, literature, and laws because of Israel's geographic location and political position situation. Anyone who wishes to understand the Old Testament texts and the history of ancient Israel must become familiar with the history, literature, and society of the surrounding kingdoms that at...

this, and Joshua, going by the name Jason, bribed Antiochus to replace his brother Onias III as high priest, a position that was supposed to be hereditary and passed on only when a current officeholder died. Jason built a gymnasium and organized advanced physical training for Jewish males. Since Greek athletics were traditionally conducted nude, some Jews went to great lengths to hide their circumcision, which Greeks considered barbaric self-mutilation, with some going so far as to sew on fresh skin.