Paul writes “to the faithful saints in Christ Jesus at Ephesus.” There is a lot of discussion about whether “at Ephesus” was part of the original wording here. Although some early documents do include it, others omit it without providing any geographical name in its place, which leaves us with an awkward grammatical construction (Thielman, Ephesians, 13; O’Brien, Ephesians, 85). It could be that it was simply dropped somehow. F. F. Bruce thinks the churches of Asia Minor