to narrow. Although one would not know this from standard biology textbooks, the following statement is true: The fossil record is even more at odds with Darwin’s theory now than it was when he first proposed it. The pattern of the fossil record is not the slowly branching tree Darwin imagined, but a collection of distinct clusters separated by gaps. Perhaps this should not surprise us because it is precisely what we see in living organisms today. For instance, there are many varieties of horses, but