The Bible is interpreted by the tradition of the church, which includes the ruling pope. The Reformers taught instead that the Bible judges tradition, church, and the pope, and that it should be interpreted by each believer according to objective standards and the guidance of the Holy Spirit. Third, the spiritual life of the Roman clergy drew criticism. Leaders in the church were greedy, immoral, and unbelieving. The Reformers protested their immoral actions and called for a personal reformation.