professed to be assured of salvation, and wore men’s clothing. She was finally convicted of being a schismatic (she said she felt accountable first to God and her saints rather than the church). When her sentence was read—execution by the secular authorities—Joan quailed and declared she would do all that the church required of her. Her sentence was changed to life imprisonment. Three days later, however, she was found wearing men’s clothes again, and when asked about it, she said the voices of Catherine