Psalm 78:44–51
The NET BibleOther versions
English
- NET The NET Bible
- DARBY 1890 Darby Bible
- ASV American Standard Version
- AV 1873 The Cambridge Paragraph Bible of the Authorized English Version
- CSB Christian Standard Bible
- D-R Douay-Rheims Bible
- ESV English Standard Version
- GW GOD’S WORD Translation
- GNB Good News Translation
- HCSB The Holman Christian Standard Bible
- KJV 1900 King James Version
- LSB Legacy Standard Bible
- LEB The Lexham English Bible
- MSG The Message: The Bible in Contemporary Language
- NASB95 New American Standard Bible (1995)
- NCV New Century Version
- NIrV New International Reader’s Version (1998)
- NIV New International Version (2011)
- NKJV The New King James Version
- NLT New Living Translation
- NRSVue New Revised Standard Version: Updated Edition
- RSV The Revised Standard Version
- RSVCE The Revised Standard Version, Catholic Edition
- TNIV Today’s New International Version
- YLT Young’s Literal Translation
Arabic
Czech
French
German
Hebrew
Hungarian
Italian
Korean
Latin
Portuguese
Russian
Simplified Chinese
Spanish
Traditional Chinese
78:44He turned their rivers into blood,
and they could not drink from their streams.
78:45He sent swarms of biting insects against them,55
as well as frogs that overran their land.56
78:46He gave their crops to the grasshopper,
the fruit of their labor to the locust.
78:47He destroyed their vines with hail,
and their sycamore-fig trees with driving rain.
78:48He rained hail down on their cattle,57
and hurled lightning bolts down on their livestock.58
78:49His raging anger lashed out against them,59
He sent fury, rage, and trouble
as messengers who bring disaster.60
78:50He sent his anger in full force;61
he did not spare them from death;
he handed their lives over to destruction.62
78:51He struck down all the firstborn in Egypt,
the firstfruits of their reproductive power63 in the tents of Ham.
Footnotes
- 55 Heb “and he sent an insect swarm against them and it devoured them.”
- 56 Heb “and a swarm of frogs and it destroyed them.”
- 57 Heb “and he turned over to the hail their cattle.”
- 58 Heb “and their livestock to the flames.” “Flames” here refer to the lightning bolts that accompanied the storm.
- 59 Heb “he sent against them the rage of his anger.” The phrase “rage of his anger” employs an appositional genitive. Synonyms are joined in a construct relationship to emphasize the single idea. For a detailed discussion of the grammatical point with numerous examples, see Y. Avishur, “Pairs of Synonymous Words in the Construct State (and in Appositional Hendiadys) in Biblical Hebrew,” Semitics 2 (1971): 17–81.
- 60 Heb “fury and indignation and trouble, a sending of messengers of disaster.”
- 61 Heb “he leveled a path for his anger.” There were no obstacles to impede its progress; it moved swiftly and destructively.
- 62 Or perhaps “[the] plague.”
- 63 Heb “the beginning of strength.” If retained, the plural form אוֹנִים (’onim, “strength”) probably indicates degree (“great strength”), but many ancient witnesses read “their strength,” which presupposes an emendation to אֹנָם (’onam; singular form of the noun with third masculine plural pronominal suffix).
The NET Bible First Edition, Copyright 1996-2005 by Biblical Studies Press
In other versions
ESVEnglish Standard Version
He turned their rivers to blood,
so that they could not drink of their streams.
He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them,
and frogs, which destroyed them.
He gave their crops to the destroying locust
and the fruit of their labor to the locust.
He destroyed their vines with hail
and their sycamores with frost.
He gave over their cattle to the hail
and their flocks to thunderbolts.
He let loose on them his burning anger,
wrath, indignation, and distress,
a company of destroying angels.
He made a path for his anger;
he did not spare them from death,
but gave their lives over to the plague.
He struck down every firstborn in Egypt,
the firstfruits of their strength in the tents of Ham.
Copyright 2001 Crossway Bibles
NIVNew International Version (2011)
He turned their river into blood;
they could not drink from their streams.
He sent swarms of flies that devoured them,
and frogs that devastated them.
He gave their crops to the grasshopper,
their produce to the locust.
He destroyed their vines with hail
and their sycamore-figs with sleet.
He gave over their cattle to the hail,
their livestock to bolts of lightning.
He unleashed against them his hot anger,
his wrath, indignation and hostility—
a band of destroying angels.
He prepared a path for his anger;
he did not spare them from death
but gave them over to the plague.
He struck down all the firstborn of Egypt,
the firstfruits of manhood in the tents of Ham.
Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 Biblica, Inc.
CSBChristian Standard Bible
He turned their rivers into blood,
and they could not drink from their streams.
He sent among them swarms of flies,
which fed on them,
and frogs, which devastated them.
He gave their crops to the caterpillar
and the fruit of their labor to the locust.
He killed their vines with hail
and their sycamore fig trees with a flood.
He handed over their livestock to hail
and their cattle to lightning bolts.
He sent his burning anger against them:
fury, indignation, and calamity—
a band of deadly messengers.
He cleared a path for his anger.
He did not spare them from death
but delivered their lives to the plague.
He struck all the firstborn in Egypt,
the first progeny of the tents of Ham.
Copyright 2017 Holman Bible Publishers
NLTNew Living Translation
For he turned their rivers into blood,
so no one could drink from the streams.
He sent vast swarms of flies to consume them
and hordes of frogs to ruin them.
He gave their crops to caterpillars;
their harvest was consumed by locusts.
He destroyed their grapevines with hail
and shattered their sycamore-figs with sleet.
He abandoned their cattle to the hail,
their livestock to bolts of lightning.
He loosed on them his fierce anger—
all his fury, rage, and hostility.
He dispatched against them
a band of destroying angels.
He turned his anger against them;
he did not spare the Egyptians’ lives
but ravaged them with the plague.
He killed the oldest son in each Egyptian family,
the flower of youth throughout the land of Egypt.
Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers. All rights reserved.
LEBThe Lexham English Bible
when he turned their rivers to blood
so they could not drink from their streams.
He sent among them flies that devoured them
and frogs that destroyed them.
And he gave their crop to the locusts
and their labor to the locust.
He destroyed their vines with hail
and their sycamore trees with sleet.
He also handed their cattle over to the hail
and their livestock to the lightning bolts.
He sent against them his fierce anger,
rage and indignation and trouble,
a band of destroying angels.
He cleared a path for his anger.
He did not spare them from death
but handed their life over to the plague.
And he struck down all the firstborn in Egypt,
the first of their virility in the tents of Ham.
Copyright 2012 Lexham Press
KJV 1900King James Version
And had turned their rivers into blood;
And their floods, that they could not drink.
He sent divers sorts of flies among them, which devoured them;
And frogs, which destroyed them.
He gave also their increase unto the caterpiller,
And their labour unto the locust.
He destroyed their vines with hail,
And their sycomore trees with frost.
He gave up their cattle also to the hail,
And their flocks to hot thunderbolts.
He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger,
Wrath, and indignation, and trouble,
By sending evil angels among them.
He made a way to his anger;
He spared not their soul from death,
But gave their life over to the pestilence;
And smote all the firstborn in Egypt;
The chief of their strength in the tabernacles of Ham:
Public Domain