58 The chapter advises release from foolish indebtedness (1–5), admonishes avoiding laziness (6–11), warns of the danger of poverty (9–11) and deviousness (12–15), lists conduct that the Lord hates (16–19), and warns about immorality (20–35).
1 Heb “my son” (likewise in vv. 3, 20).
2 It was fairly common for people to put up some kind of financial security for someone else, that is, to underwrite another’s debts. But the pledge in view here was foolish because the debtor was a neighbor who was not well known (זָר, zar), perhaps a misfit in the community. The one who pledged security for this one was simply gullible.
3 The conjunction “and” does not appear in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for the sake of smoothness.
4 Heb “struck your hands”; “have struck hands in pledge”; “have given a pledge.” The guarantee of a pledge was signaled by a handshake (e.g., 11:15; 17:18; 22:26).
5 Heb “stranger.” The term זוּר (zur, “stranger”) probably refers to a neighbor who was not well-known. Alternatively, it could describe a person who is living outside the norms of convention, a moral misfit in the community. In any case, this “stranger” is a high risk in any financial arrangement.

In other versions

My son, if you have put up security for your neighbor,

have given your pledge for a stranger,

My son, if you have put up security for your neighbor,

if you have shaken hands in pledge for a stranger,

My son, if you have put up security for your neighbor

or entered into an agreement with a stranger,

My child, if you have put up security for a friend’s debt

or agreed to guarantee the debt of a stranger—

My child, if you have pledged to your neighbor,

if you have bound yourself to the stranger,

My son, if thou be surety for thy friend,

If thou hast stricken thy hand with a stranger,

Public Domain

Proverbs 6:1