4 Heb “not good.” This is a figure known as tapeinosis (a deliberate understatement to emphasize a worst-case scenario): “it is dangerous!”
5 The interpretation of this line depends largely on the meaning of נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) which has a broad range of meanings: (1) the breathing substance of man, (2) living being, (3) life, (4) person, (5) seat of the appetites, (6) seat of emotions and passions, (7) activities of intellect, emotion and will, (8) moral character, etc. ( 659–61 ). In light of the synonymous parallelism, the most likely nuance here is “zeal, passion” ( 8). takes the word in the sense of “vitality” and “drive”—“it is not good to have zeal without knowledge” (cf. , , and which are all similar).
6 Heb “he who is hasty with his feet.” The verb אוּץ (’uts) means “to be pressed; to press; to make haste.” The verb is followed by the preposition בְּ (bet) which indicates that with which one hastens—his feet. The word “feet” is a synecdoche of part for the whole person—body and mind working together (cf. “a person who moves too quickly”).
7 Heb “misses the goal.” The participle חוֹטֵא (khote’) can be translated “sins” (cf. , ), but in this context it refers only to actions without knowledge, which could lead to sin, or could lead simply to making poor choices (cf. “blunders”; “errs”; “might make a mistake”). The basic meaning of the verb is “to miss a goal or the way.” D. Kidner says, “How negative is the achievement of a man who wants tangible and quick rewards”—he will miss the way (Proverbs [], ).