28 Heb “her foes became [her] head” (הָיוּ צָרֶיהָ לְרֹאשׁ, hayu tsareha léro’sh) or more idiomatically “have come out on top.” This is a Semitic idiom for domination or subjugation, with “head” as a metaphor for leader.
29 The nuance expressed in the is that her enemies prosper (cf. , , , ).
30 Heb “because of her many rebellions.” The plural פְּשָׁעֶיהָ (pésha’eha, “her rebellions”) is an example of the plural of repeated action or characteristic behavior (see §7.4.2c). The 3rd person feminine singular suffix (“her”) probably functions as a subjective genitive: “her rebellions” = “she has rebelled.”
31 The singular noun שְׁבִי (shévi) is a collective singular, meaning “captives, prisoners.” It functions as an adverbial accusative of state: “[they] went away as captives.”

In other versions

Her foes have become the head;

her enemies prosper,

because the Lord has afflicted her

for the multitude of her transgressions;

her children have gone away,

captives before the foe.

Her foes have become her masters;

her enemies are at ease.

The Lord has brought her grief

because of her many sins.

Her children have gone into exile,

captive before the foe.

Her adversaries have become her masters;

her enemies are at ease,

for the Lord has made her suffer

because of her many transgressions.

Her children have gone away

as captives before the adversary.

Her oppressors have become her masters,

and her enemies prosper,

for the Lord has punished Jerusalem

for her many sins.

Her children have been captured

and taken away to distant lands.

Her foes have become her master,

her enemies are at ease;

Yahweh has made her suffer

because of the greatness of her transgressions.

Her children have gone away,

captive before the foe.

Her adversaries are the chief, her enemies prosper;

For the Lord hath afflicted her for the multitude of her transgressions:

Her children are gone into captivity before the enemy.

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