13 The word “people” is supplied, because the sentence only has the masculine plural verb.
14 The final noun is an abstract plural, “oppression.” There is no reason to change it to “oppressors” to fit the early versions. The expression is literally “multitude of oppression.”
15 Heb “the arm,” a metaphor for strength or power.
16 Or “of the many” (see I רַב 6.a).
17 There have been several attempts to emend the line, none of which are particularly helpful or interesting. H. H. Rowley (Job [], 225) says, “It is a pity to rob Elihu of a poetic line when he creates one.”
18 The form in the text, the Piel participle from אָלַף (’alaf, “teach”) is written in a contracted form; the full form is מְאַלְּפֵנוּ (mé’alléfenu).
19 Some would render this “teaches us by the beasts.” But Elihu is stressing the unique privilege humans have.

In other versions

“Because of the multitude of oppressions people cry out;

they call for help because of the arm of the mighty.

But none says, ‘Where is God my Maker,

who gives songs in the night,

who teaches us more than the beasts of the earth

and makes us wiser than the birds of the heavens?’

“People cry out under a load of oppression;

they plead for relief from the arm of the powerful.

But no one says, ‘Where is God my Maker,

who gives songs in the night,

who teaches us more than he teaches the beasts of the earth

and makes us wiser than the birds in the sky?’

People cry out because of severe oppression;

they shout for help because of the power of the mighty.

But no one asks, “Where is God my Maker,

who provides us with songs in the night,

who gives us more understanding than the animals of the earth

and makes us wiser than the birds of the sky?”

“People cry out when they are oppressed.

They groan beneath the power of the mighty.

Yet they don’t ask, ‘Where is God my Creator,

the one who gives songs in the night?

Where is the one who makes us smarter than the animals

and wiser than the birds of the sky?’

“Because of the multitude of oppressions, they cry out;

they cry for help because of the arm of the mighty.

But no one says, ‘Where is God my Maker,

who gives songs in the night,

who teaches us more than the animals of the earth

and makes us wiser than the birds of the heavens?’

By reason of the multitude of oppressions they make the oppressed to cry:

They cry out by reason of the arm of the mighty.

But none saith, Where is God my maker,

Who giveth songs in the night;

Who teacheth us more than the beasts of the earth,

And maketh us wiser than the fowls of heaven?

Public Domain