38 Heb “She has given her hand.” For the idiom here involving submission/surrender see 680 נָתַן Qal.1.z and compare the usage in 1 Chr 29:24; 2 Chr 30:8. For a different interpretation, however, see the rather complete discussion in G. L. Keown, P. J. Scalise, and T. G. Smothers (Jeremiah 26–52 [], ) who see this as a reference to making a covenant. The verb in this line and the next two lines are all Hebrew perfects and most translators and commentaries see them as past. God’s Word, however, treats them as prophetic perfects and translates them as future. This is more likely in the light of the imperatives both before and after.
39 The meaning of this word is uncertain. The definition here follows that of אָשְׁיָה, which defines it on the basis of an Akkadian word and treats it as a loanword.
40 Heb “Because it is the Lord’s vengeance.” The first person has again been used because the Lord is the speaker and the nominal expression has been turned into a verbal one more in keeping with contemporary English style.

In other versions

Raise a shout against her all around;

she has surrendered;

her bulwarks have fallen;

her walls are thrown down.

For this is the vengeance of the Lord:

take vengeance on her;

do to her as she has done.

Shout against her on every side!

She surrenders, her towers fall,

her walls are torn down.

Since this is the vengeance of the Lord,

take vengeance on her;

do to her as she has done to others.

Raise a war cry against her on every side!

She has thrown up her hands in surrender;

her defense towers have fallen;

her walls are demolished.

Since this is the Lord’s vengeance,

take your vengeance on her;

as she has done, do the same to her.

Shout war cries against her from every side.

Look! She surrenders!

Her walls have fallen.

It is the Lord’s vengeance,

so take vengeance on her.

Do to her as she has done to others!

Raise a war cry against her on all sides.

She has surrendered.

Her towers have fallen,

her walls are ruined.

For this is the vengeance of Yahweh.

Take revenge on her.

As she has done to others,

so do to her.

Shout against her round about:

She hath given her hand:

Her foundations are fallen, her walls are thrown down:

For it is the vengeance of the Lord: take vengeance upon her;

As she hath done, do unto her.

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