33 Heb “Should I not punish them …? Should I not bring retribution …?” The rhetorical questions have the force of strong declarations.
34 These words to not appear in the Hebrew text but have been added in the translation for the sake of clarity to identify the implied addressee.
35 Heb “through her vine rows and destroy.” No object is given but “vines” must be implicit. The word for “vineyards” (or “vine rows”) is a and its derivation is debated. 1004 שּׁוּרָה repoints שָׁרוֹתֶיהָ (sharoteha) to שֻׁרוֹתֶיהָ (shuroteha) and relates it to a Mishnaic Hebrew and Palestinian Aramaic word meaning “row.” שּׁוּרָה also repoints to שֻׁרוֹתֶיהָ and relates it to a noun meaning “wall,” preferring to see the reference here to the walled terraces on which the vineyards were planted. The difference in meaning is minimal.
36 Heb “for they do not belong to the Lord.” In the light of the context and Jeremiah’s identification of Israel as a vine (cf., e.g., 2:21) and a vineyard (cf., e.g., 12:10), it is likely that this verse has a totally metaphorical significance. The enemy is to go through the vineyard that is Israel and Judah and destroy all those who have been unfaithful to the Lord. It is not impossible, however, that the verse has a double meaning, a literal one and a figurative one: the enemy is not only to destroy Israel and Judah’s vines but to destroy Israel and Judah, lopping off the wicked Israelites who, because of their covenant unfaithfulness, the Lord has disowned. If the verse is totally metaphorical one might translate: “Pass through my vineyard, Israel and Judah, wreaking destruction. But do not destroy all of the people. Cut down like branches those unfaithful people because they no longer belong to the Lord.”
37 Heb “the house of Israel and the house of Judah.”

In other versions

ESVEnglish Standard Version

Shall I not punish them for these things?

declares the Lord;

and shall I not avenge myself

on a nation such as this?

“Go up through her vine rows and destroy,

but make not a full end;

strip away her branches,

for they are not the Lord’s.

For the house of Israel and the house of Judah

have been utterly treacherous to me,

declares the Lord.

NIVNew International Version (2011)

Should I not punish them for this?”

declares the Lord.

“Should I not avenge myself

on such a nation as this?

“Go through her vineyards and ravage them,

but do not destroy them completely.

Strip off her branches,

for these people do not belong to the Lord.

The people of Israel and the people of Judah

have been utterly unfaithful to me,”

declares the Lord.

CSBChristian Standard Bible

Should I not punish them for these things?

This is the Lord’s declaration.

Should I not avenge myself

on such a nation as this?

Go up among her vineyard terraces and destroy them,

but do not finish them off.

Prune away her shoots,

for they do not belong to the Lord.

They, the house of Israel and the house of Judah,

have dealt very treacherously with me.

This is the Lord’s declaration.

NLTNew Living Translation

Should I not punish them for this?” says the Lord.

“Should I not avenge myself against such a nation?

“Go down the rows of the vineyards and destroy the grapevines,

leaving a scattered few alive.

Strip the branches from the vines,

for these people do not belong to the Lord.

The people of Israel and Judah

are full of treachery against me,”

says the Lord.

LEBThe Lexham English Bible

Because of these things shall I not punish?” declares Yahweh,

“and on a nation who is like this, shall I not take revenge?

Go up through her vineyards and destroy,

but you must not make complete destruction.

Remove her branches,

for they are not to Yahweh.

For the house of Israel and the house of Judah

have dealt utterly treacherously with me,” declares Yahweh.

KJV 1900King James Version

Shall I not visit for these things? saith the Lord: and shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?

Go ye up upon her walls, and destroy; but make not a full end: take away her battlements; for they are not the Lord’s. For the house of Israel and the house of Judah have dealt very treacherously against me, saith the Lord.

Public Domain