^10:22The sons of Shem were Elam,⁷⁴ Asshur,⁷⁵ Arphaxad,⁷⁶ Lud,⁷⁷ and Aram.⁷⁸^10:23The sons of Aram were Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.⁷⁹^10:24Arphaxad was the father of⁸⁰ Shelah,⁸¹ and Shelah was the father of Eber.⁸²^10:25Two sons were born to Eber: One was named Peleg because in his days the earth was divided,⁸³ and his brother’s name was Joktan. ^10:26Joktan was the father of⁸⁴ Almodad,⁸⁵ Sheleph,⁸⁶ Hazarmaveth,⁸⁷ Jerah,⁸⁸^10:27Hadoram, Uzal,⁸⁹ Diklah,⁹⁰^10:28Obal,⁹¹ Abimael,⁹² Sheba,⁹³^10:29Ophir,⁹⁴ Havilah,⁹⁵ and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.

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Footnotes

74 The Hebrew name Elam (עֵילָם, ’elam) means “highland.” The Elamites were a non-Semitic people who lived east of Babylon.
75 Asshur is the name for the Assyrians. Asshur was the region in which Nimrod expanded his power (see v. 11, where the name is also mentioned). When names appear in both sections of a genealogical list, it probably means that there were both Hamites and Shemites living in that region in antiquity, especially if the name is a place name.
76 The descendants of Arphaxad may have lived northeast of Nineveh.
77 Lud may have been the ancestor of the Ludbu, who lived near the Tigris River.
78 Aram became the collective name of the northern tribes living in the steppes of Mesopotamia and speaking Aramaic dialects.
79 The reads “Mash”; the and 1 Chr 1:17 read “Meshech.” Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash. Little is known about these descendants of Aram.
80 Heb “fathered.”
81 The reads “Arphaxad fathered Shelah”; the reads “Arphaxad fathered Cainan, and Cainan fathered Sala [= Shelah].” The reading also appears to lie behind Luke 3:35–36.
82 Genesis 11 traces the line of Shem through Eber (עֵבֶר, ’ever) to Abraham the “Hebrew” (עִבְרִי, ’ivri).
83 The expression “the earth was divided” may refer to dividing the land with canals, but more likely it anticipates the division of languages at Babel (Gen 11). The verb פָּלָג (palag, “separate, divide”) is used in Ps 55:9 for a division of languages.
84 Heb “fathered.”
85 The name Almodad combines the Arabic article al with modad (“friend”). Almodad was the ancestor of a South Arabian people.
86 The name Sheleph may be related to Shilph, a district of Yemen; Shalph is a Yemenite tribe.
87 The name Hazarmaveth should be equated with Hadramawt, located in Southern Arabia.
88 The name Jerah means “moon.”
89 Uzal was the name of the old capital of Yemen.
90 The name Diklah means “date-palm.”
91 Obal was a name used for several localities in Yemen.
92 The name Abimael is a genuine Sabean form which means “my father, truly, he is God.”
93 The descendants of Sheba lived in South Arabia, where the Joktanites were more powerful than the Hamites.
94 Ophir became the name of a territory in South Arabia. Many of the references to Ophir are connected with gold (e.g., 1 Kgs 9:28, 10:11, 22:48; 1 Chr 29:4; 2 Chr 8:18, 9:10; Job 22:24, 28:16; Ps 45:9; Isa 13:12).
95 Havilah is listed with Ham in v. 7.

In other versions

ESVEnglish Standard Version

The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram. The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash. Arpachshad fathered Shelah; and Shelah fathered Eber. To Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided, and his brother’s name was Joktan. Joktan fathered Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab; all these were the sons of Joktan.

NIVNew International Version (2011)

The sons of Shem:

Elam, Ashur, Arphaxad, Lud and Aram.

The sons of Aram:

Uz, Hul, Gether and Meshek.

Arphaxad was the father of Shelah,

and Shelah the father of Eber.

Two sons were born to Eber:

One was named Peleg, because in his time the earth was divided; his brother was named Joktan.

Joktan was the father of

Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.

CSBChristian Standard Bible

Shem’s sons were Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.

Aram’s sons: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.

Arpachshad fathered Shelah, and Shelah fathered Eber. Eber had two sons. One was named Peleg, for during his days the earth was divided; his brother was named Joktan. And Joktan fathered Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were Joktan’s sons.

NLTNew Living Translation

The descendants of Shem were Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.

The descendants of Aram were Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash.

Arphaxad was the father of Shelah, and Shelah was the father of Eber.

Eber had two sons. The first was named Peleg (which means “division”), for during his lifetime the people of the world were divided into different language groups. His brother’s name was Joktan.

Joktan was the ancestor of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were descendants of Joktan.

LEBThe Lexham English Bible

The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. And the sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash. And Arphaxad fathered Shelah, and Shelah fathered Eber. And to Eber two sons were born. The name of the one was Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided, and the name of his brother was Joktan. And Joktan fathered Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.

KJV 1900King James Version

The children of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram. And the children of Aram; Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash. And Arphaxad begat Salah; and Salah begat Eber. And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of one was Peleg; for in his days was the earth divided; and his brother’s name was Joktan. And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah, And Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah, And Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba, And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab: all these were the sons of Joktan.

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