Logos Bible Study

Matthew 21:12–46

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The Cleansing of the Temple

12And Jesus entered the temple courts* and drove out all those who were selling and buying in the temple, and overturned the tables of the money changers and the chairs of those who were selling doves. 13And he said to them, “It is written, ‘My house will be called a house of prayer,’e but you have made it a cave of robbers!”

14And the blind and the lame came up to him in the temple courts* and he healed them. 15But when* the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children shouting in the temple courts* and saying, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” they were indignant. 16And they said to him, “Do you hear what these children* are saying?” So Jesus said to them, “Yes, have you never read, ‘Out of the mouths of children and nursing babies you have prepared for yourself praise’?”f 17And leaving them, he went outside of the city to Bethany and spent the night there.

A Barren Fig Tree Cursed

18Now early in the morning, as he* was returning to the city, he was hungry. 19And seeing a single fig tree by the road, he went to it and found nothing on it except leaves only. And he said to it, “May there be no more fruit from you forever,g and the fig tree withered at once. 20And when they* saw it,* the disciples were astonished, saying, “How did the fig tree wither at once?” 21And Jesus answered and* said to them, “Truly I say to you, if you have faith and do not doubt, you will do not only what was done to the fig tree, but even if you say to this mountain, ‘Be lifted up and thrown into the sea,” it will happen! 22And whatever you ask in prayer, if you* believe, you will receive.”

Jesus’ Authority Challenged

23And after* he arrived at the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came up to him while he* was teaching, saying, “By what authority are you doing these things? And who gave you this authority?” 24And Jesus answered and* said to them, “I also will ask you one question. If you tell the answer* to me, I also will tell you by what authority I am doing these things. 25From where was the baptism of John—from heaven or from men?” And they began to discuss* this* among themselves, saying, “If we say ‘From heaven,’ he will say to us, ‘Why then did you not believe him?’ 26But if we say, ‘From men,’ we are afraid of the crowd, because they all look upon John as a prophet.” 27And they answered and* said to Jesus, “We do not know.” And he said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.

The Parable of the Two Sons

28“Now what do you think? A man had two sons. He approachedh the first and* said, ‘Son, go work in the vineyard today.’ 29And he answered and* said, ‘I do not want to!’ But later he changed his mind and* went. 30And he approached the secondi and* said the same thing. So he answered and* said, ‘I will, sir,’ and he did not go. 31Which of the two did the will of hisj father?” They said, “The first.” Jesus said to them, “Truly I say to you that the tax collectors and the prostitutes are going ahead of you into the kingdom of God! 32For John came to you in the way of righteousness and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did believe him. And when* you saw it,* you did not even change your minds later so as to believe in him.

The Parable of the Tenant Farmers in the Vineyard

33“Listen to another parable: There was a man—a master of a house—who planted a vineyard, and put a fence around it, and dug a winepress in it, and built a watchtower, and leased it to tenant farmers, and went on a journey. 34And when the season of fruit drew near, he sent his slaves to the tenant farmers to collect his fruit. 35And the tenant farmers seized his slaves, one of whom they beat, and one of whom they killed, and one of whom they stoned. 36Again, he sent other slaves, more than the first ones, and they did the same thing to them. 37So finally he sent his son to them, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’ 38But when* the tenant farmers saw the son, they said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him and have his inheritance!’ 39And they seized him and* threw him* out of the vineyard and killed him.* 40Now when the master of the vineyard arrives, what will he do to those tenant farmers?” 41They said to him, “He will destroy those evil men completely and lease the vineyard to other tenant farmers who will give him the fruits in their season.” 42Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the scriptures,

‘The stone which the builders rejected,

this has become the cornerstone.k

This came about from the Lord,

and it is marvelous in our eyes’?l

43For this reason, I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and will be given to a peoplem who produce its fruits. 44And the one who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, and the one on whom it falls—it will crush him!” 45And when* the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables, they knew that he was speaking about them, 46and although they* wanted to arrest him, they were afraid of the crowds, because they looked upon him as a prophet.

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Footnotes

  1. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself
  2. eA quotation from Isa 56:7
  3. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself
  4. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  5. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself
  6. *The word “children” is not in the Greek text but is implied
  7. fA quotation from Ps 8:2
  8. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was returning”) which is understood as temporal
  9. gLiterally “to the age”
  10. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  11. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  12. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
  13. *Here “if” is supplied as a component of the participle (“believe”) which is understood as conditional
  14. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“arrived”)
  15. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was teaching”) which is understood as temporal
  16. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
  17. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  18. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to discuss”)
  19. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  20. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
  21. hSome manuscripts have “And he approached”
  22. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
  23. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
  24. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“changed his mind”) has been translated as a finite verb
  25. iSome manuscripts have “the other”
  26. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
  27. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
  28. jLiterally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
  29. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  30. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  31. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
  32. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“seized”) has been translated as a finite verb
  33. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  34. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  35. kLiterally “the head of the corner”
  36. lA quotation from Ps 118:22–23
  37. mOr “nation”
  38. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
  39. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“wanted”) which is understood as concessive