Logos Bible Study

1 Samuel 1:3–18

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3Now this man used to go up from his town year by yearb to worship and to sacrifice to Yahweh of hosts in Shiloh, wherec the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests to Yahweh. 4Ond the day Elkanah sacrificed, he would give portions to his wife Peninnah and to all her sons and daughters. 5But to Hannah he would give a double portion,e because he loved Hannah, though Yahweh had closed her womb. 6(Now her rival wife would provoke her severely in order to upset her because Yahweh had closed her womb.) 7And so he used to dof year after year; wheneverg she went up to the house of Yahweh, sheh would provoke her so that shei would weep and would not eat. 8So Elkanah her husband would say to her: “Hannah, why do you weep and why do you not eat? And why are you heartsick?j Am I not better to you than ten sons?” 9Then Hannah got up after eating and drinking at Shiloh. (Now Eli the priest was sitting on his chair by the doorpost of the templek of Yahweh.) 10She was deeply troubled,l so she prayed to Yahweh and wept bitterly. 11She made a vowm and said: “O Yahweh of hosts, if you will look with compassion on the misery of your female servant, and will remember me, and not forget your female servant, and will give to your female servant a male childn then I will give him to Yahweh all the days of his life, and a razor will never pass over his head.”o 12Whilep she continued to pray before Yahweh, Eli was observing her mouth. 13Now Hannah had been speaking in her heart; her lips were moving, but her voice could not be heard, so Eli considered her to be drunk. 14Then Eli said to her, “How long will you behave like someone who is drunk? Put away your wine!” 15But Hannah answered and said, “No, my lord. I am a woman deeply distressed,q but I have not drunk wine or strong drink. Rather, I have poured out my soul before Yahweh. 16Do not regard your female servant as worthless,r but because of the extent of my worries and my provocation I have spoken all of this.” 17Then Eli answered and said, “Go in peace, and may the God of Israel grant your request that you have asked of him.” 18And she said, “May your female slave find favor in your sight.” Then the woman went on her way and ate something, and her face did not look sad any longer.s

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Footnotes

  1. bLiterally “from days to days”
  2. cLiterally “and there”
  3. dLiterally “And it happened on”
  4. eLiterally “a portion of two faces”
  5. fSo Hebrew; because of the abrupt change of subject some revocalize the verb to read “it used to be”
  6. gOr “as often as”; literally “from enough”
  7. hThat is, Penninah
  8. iThat is, Hannah
  9. jLiterally “why is your heart evil”
  10. kThis is not the temple of Solomon (ca. 966 bc), but rather the tabernacle that first resided at Shiloh after the conquest of Joshua.
  11. lLiterally “bitter of soul”
  12. mLiterally “vowed a vow”
  13. nLiterally “an offspring of men”
  14. o“A razor will never pass over his head” indicates that Hannah promised to dedicate her son to Yahweh as a Nazirite, according to the terms of Num 6:1–21
  15. pLiterally “And it happened that when”
  16. qLiterally “difficult of spirit”
  17. rLiterally “as a daughter of Belial/daughter of worthlessness”
  18. sLiterally “her faces were not for her any longer”