^21:5Now¹⁰ while some were speaking about the temple, how it was adorned¹¹ with beautiful stones and offerings,¹² Jesus¹³ said, ^21:6“As for these things that you are gazing at, the days will come when not one stone will be left on another.¹⁴ All will be torn down!”¹⁵^21:7So¹⁶ they asked him,¹⁷ “Teacher, when will these things¹⁸ happen? And what will be the sign that¹⁹ these things are about to take place?” ^21:8He²⁰ said, “Watch out²¹ that you are not misled. For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he,’²² and, ‘The time is near.’ Do not follow them! ^21:9And when you hear of wars and rebellions,²³ do not be afraid.²⁴ For these things must happen first, but the end will not come at once.”²⁵

Persecution of Disciples

^21:10Then he said to them, “Nation will rise up in arms²⁶ against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. ^21:11There will be great earthquakes, and famines²⁷ and plagues in various places, and there will be terrifying sights²⁸ and great signs²⁹ from heaven. ^21:12But before all this,³⁰ they will seize³¹ you and persecute you, handing you over to the synagogues³² and prisons. You³³ will be brought before kings and governors because of my name. ^21:13This will be a time for you to serve as witnesses.³⁴^21:14Therefore be resolved³⁵ not to rehearse³⁶ ahead of time how to make your defense. ^21:15For I will give you the words³⁷ along with the wisdom³⁸ that none of your adversaries will be able to withstand or contradict. ^21:16You will be betrayed even by parents,³⁹ brothers, relatives,⁴⁰ and friends, and they will have some of you put to death. ^21:17You will be hated by everyone because of my name.⁴¹^21:18Yet⁴² not a hair of your head will perish.⁴³^21:19By your endurance⁴⁴ you will gain⁴⁵ your lives.⁴⁶

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Footnotes

10 Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
11 The Jerusalem temple was widely admired around the world. See Josephus, 15.11 (15.380–425); 5.5 (5.184–227) and Tacitus, History 5.8, who called it “immensely opulent.” Josephus compared it to a beautiful snowcapped mountain.
12 For the translation of ἀνάθημα (anathēma) as “offering” see L&N 53.18.
13 Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
14 With the statement days will come when not one stone will be left on another Jesus predicted the total destruction of the temple, something that did occur in a.d. 70.
15 Grk “the days will come when not one stone will be left on another that will not be thrown down.”
16 Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of Jesus’ comments about the temple’s future destruction.
17 Grk “asked him, saying.” The participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in English and has not been translated.
18 Both references to these things are plural, so more than the temple’s destruction is in view. The question may presuppose that such a catastrophe signals the end.
19 Grk “when.”
20 Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
21 Or “Be on guard.”
22 That is, “I am the Messiah.”
23 Social and political chaos also precedes the end. This term refers to revolutions (L&N 39.34).
24 This is not the usual term for fear, but refers to a deep sense of terror and emotional distress (Luke 24:37; πτοέω).
25 The end will not come at once. This remark about timing not only indicates that there will be events before the end, but that some time will also pass before it comes.
26 For the translation “rise up in arms” see L&N 55.2.
28 This term, φόβητρον (phobētron), occurs only here in the NT. It could refer to an object, event, or condition that causes fear, but in the context it is linked with great signs from heaven, so the translation “sights” was preferred.
30 But before all this. Another note of timing is present, this one especially important in understanding the sequence in the discourse. Before the things noted in vv. 8–11 are the events of vv. 12–19.
31 Grk “will lay their hands on you.”
32 Some of the persecution is of Jewish origin (the synagogues). Some fulfillment of this can be seen in Acts. See the note on synagogues in .
33 Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
34 Grk “This will turn out to you for [a] testimony.”
35 Grk “determine in your hearts.”
36 This term could refer to rehearsing a speech or a dance. On its syntax, see §392.2.
37 Grk “a mouth.” It is a metonymy and refers to the reply the Lord will give to them.
38 Grk “and wisdom.”
39 To confess Christ might well mean rejection by one’s own family, even by parents.
40 Grk “and brothers and relatives,” but καί (kai) has not been translated twice here since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
42 Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
43 Given v. 16, the expression not a hair of your head will perish must be taken figuratively and refer to living ultimately in the presence of God.
44 By your endurance is a call to remain faithful, because trusting in Jesus is the means to life.
45 Some important Greek witnesses plus the majority of (א D L W Ψ f1 𝔐) read the aorist imperative κτήσασθε (ktēsasthe) here, though some (A B Θ f13 33 lat sa) read the future indicative κτήσεσθε (ktēsesthe). A decision is difficult because the evidence is so evenly balanced, but the aorist imperative is the harder reading and better explains the rise of the other. J. A. Fitzmyer assesses the translation options this way: “In English one has to use something similar [i.e., a future indicative], even if one follows the [aorist imperative]” (Luke [], 2:); in the same vein, although this translation follows the aorist imperative, because of English requirements it has been translated as though it were a future indicative.
46 Grk “your souls,” but ψυχή (psuchē) is frequently used of one’s physical life. In light of v. 16 that does not seem to be the case here. The entire phrase could be taken as an idiom meaning “you will save yourselves” (L&N 21.20), or (as in v. 18) this could refer to living ultimately in the presence of God.

Cross references

27 See Isa 5:13–14; 13:6–16; Hag 2:6–7; Zech 14:4.
29 See Jer 4:13–22; 14:12; 21:6–7.
41 See Luke 6:22, 27; 1 Cor 1:25–31.