sn What have you done? Again the Lord’s question is rhetorical (see Gen 3:13), condemning Cain for his sin.

tn The word “voice” is a personification; the evidence of Abel’s shed blood condemns Cain, just as a human eyewitness would testify in court. For helpful insights, see G. von Rad, Biblical Interpretations in Preaching; and L. Morris, “The Biblical Use of the Term ‘Blood,’ ” JTS 6 (1955/56): 77–82.