4 When a sieve is shaken, the refuse remains;

so a man’s filth remains in his thoughts.

5 The kiln tests the potter’s vessels;

so the test of a man is in his reasoning.

6 The fruit discloses the cultivation of a tree;

so the expression of a thought discloses the cultivation of a man’s mind.

7 Do not praise a man before you hear him reason,

for this is the test of men.