Logos Bible Study

Proverbs 4:16–17

The NET BibleOther versions

English

Arabic

Czech

French

German

Hebrew

Hungarian

Italian

Korean

Latin

Portuguese

Russian

Simplified Chinese

Spanish

Traditional Chinese

4:16For they cannot sleep unless they cause harm;32

they are robbed of sleep33 until they make someone stumble.34

4:17For they eat bread35 gained from wickedness36

and drink wine obtained from violence.37

Read in Logos

Footnotes

  1. 32 The verb is רָעַע (ra’a’), which means “to do evil; to harm.” The verse is using the figure of hyperbole to stress the preoccupation of some people with causing trouble. R. L. Alden says, “How sick to find peace only at the price of another man’s misfortune” (Proverbs, 47).
  2. 33 Heb “their sleep is robbed/seized”; these expressions are metonymical for their restlessness in plotting evil.
  3. 34 The Hiphil imperfect (Kethib) means “cause to stumble.” This idiom (from hypocatastasis) means “bring injury/ruin to someone” ( 505–6 כָּשַׁל Hiph. 1).
  4. 35 The noun is a cognate accusative stressing that they consume wickedness.
  5. 36 Heb “the bread of wickedness” (so , , , ). There are two ways to take the genitives: (1) genitives of apposition: wickedness and violence are their food and drink (cf. , , ), or (2) genitives of source: they derive their livelihood from the evil they do (C. H. Toy, Proverbs [], ).
  6. 37 Heb “the wine of violence” (so , , , ). This is a genitive of source, meaning that the wine they drink was plundered from their violent crime. The Hebrew is structured in an : chiasm: “For they eat the bread of wickedness, and the wine of violence they drink.” The word order in the translation is reversed for the sake of smoothness and readability.

In other versions

ESVEnglish Standard Version

For they cannot sleep unless they have done wrong;

they are robbed of sleep unless they have made someone stumble.

For they eat the bread of wickedness

and drink the wine of violence.

NIVNew International Version (2011)

For they cannot rest until they do evil;

they are robbed of sleep till they make someone stumble.

They eat the bread of wickedness

and drink the wine of violence.

CSBChristian Standard Bible

For they can’t sleep

unless they have done what is evil;

they are robbed of sleep

unless they make someone stumble.

They eat the bread of wickedness

and drink the wine of violence.

NLTNew Living Translation

For evil people can’t sleep until they’ve done their evil deed for the day.

They can’t rest until they’ve caused someone to stumble.

They eat the food of wickedness

and drink the wine of violence!

LEBThe Lexham English Bible

For they will not sleep if they have not done wrong,

and they are robbed of their sleep if they do not cause stumbling.

For they ate the bread of wickedness,

and they drank the wine of violence.

KJV 1900King James Version

For they sleep not, except they have done mischief;

And their sleep is taken away, unless they cause some to fall.

For they eat the bread of wickedness,

And drink the wine of violence.