67 The expression “hand to hand” refers the custom of striking hands to confirm an agreement (M. Anbar, “Proverbes 11:21; 16:15; יד ליד, «sur le champ»,” 53 [1972]: 537–38). interprets it differently: “he who lifts up his hand against his neighbor will not go unpunished.”
68 Heb “will not be free.” The verb נָקָה (naqah) means “to be clean; to be empty.” In the Niphal it means “to be free of guilt; to be clean; to be innocent,” and therefore “to be exempt from punishment” ( 667 Niph). The phrase “will not go unpunished” (cf. , , , ) is an example of tapeinosis (a negative statement that emphasizes the positive opposite statement): “will certainly be punished” (cf. , , ).
69 Heb “the seed of the righteous.” This is an idiom that describes a class of people who share the nature of righteousness (e.g., Isa 1:4; 65:23). The word “seed” (hypocatastasis) means “offspring.” Some take it literally, as if it meant that the children of the righteous will escape judgment (Saadia, a Jewish scholar who lived a.d. 882–942). The translates it in a different sense: “he that sows righteousness will receive a faithful reward.”
70 Heb “will be delivered” (so ). The phrase “from unjust judgment” does not appear in the Hebrew but is implied by the idiom.