^11:24“ ‘By these²¹ you defile yourselves; anyone who touches their carcass will be unclean until the evening, ^11:25and anyone who carries their carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until the evening.

Inedible Land Quadrupeds

^11:26“ ‘All²² animals that divide the hoof but it is not completely split in two²³ and do not chew the cud²⁴ are unclean to you; anyone who touches them becomes unclean.²⁵^11:27All that walk on their paws among all the creatures that walk on all fours²⁶ are unclean to you. Anyone who touches their carcass will be unclean until the evening, ^11:28and the one who carries their carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening; they are unclean to you.

Creatures that Swarm on the Land

^11:29“ ‘Now this is what is unclean to you among the swarming things that swarm on the land:²⁷ the rat, the mouse, the large lizard of any kind, ^11:30the Mediterranean gecko, the spotted lizard, the wall gecko, the skink, and the chameleon. ^11:31These are the ones that are unclean to you among all the swarming things. Anyone who touches them when they die will be unclean until evening. ^11:32Also, anything they fall on²⁸ when they die will become unclean—any wood vessel or garment or article of leather or sackcloth. Any such vessel with which work is done must be immersed in water²⁹ and will be unclean until the evening. Then it will become clean. ^11:33As for any clay vessel they fall into,³⁰ everything in it³¹ will become unclean and you must break it. ^11:34Any food that may be eaten which becomes soaked with water³² will become unclean. Anything drinkable³³ in any such vessel will become unclean.³⁴^11:35Anything their carcass may fall on will become unclean. An oven or small stove must be smashed to pieces; they are unclean, and they will stay unclean³⁵ to you. ^11:36However, a spring or a cistern which collects water³⁶ will be clean, but one who touches their carcass will be unclean. ^11:37Now, if such a carcass falls on any sowing seed which is to be sown,³⁷ it is clean, ^11:38but if water is put on the seed and such a carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you.

Edible Land Quadrupeds

^11:39“ ‘Now if an animal³⁸ that you may eat dies,³⁹ whoever touches its carcass will be unclean until the evening. ^11:40One who eats from its carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening, and whoever carries its carcass must wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.

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Footnotes

21 Heb “and to these.”
22 Heb “to all” (cf. the note on v. ). This and the following verses develop more fully the categories of uncleanness set forth in principle in vv. 24–25.
23 Heb “divides hoof and cleft it does not cleave”; “divideth the hoof, and is not clovenfooted”; “divided but unsplit hooves.”
24 See the note on .
25 Compare the regulations in Lev 11:2–8.
26 Heb “the one walking on four.” Compare Lev 11:20–23.
27 For zoological analyses of the list of creatures in vv. 29–30, see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (), 1:; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (), .
28 Heb “And all which it shall fall on it from them.”
29 Heb “in water it shall be brought.”
30 Heb “And any earthenware vessel which shall fall from them into its midst.”
31 Heb “all which is in its midst.”
32 Heb “which water comes on it.”
33 Heb “any drink which may be drunk”; “any liquid which may be drunk”; “any beverage that is in such an unclean container.”
34 This half of the verse assumes that the unclean carcass has fallen into the food or drink (cf. v. 33 and also vv. 35–38).
35 Heb “be unclean.”
36 Heb “a spring and a cistern collection of water”; , “for collecting water.”
37 Heb “And if there falls from their carcass on any seed of sowing which shall be sown.”
38 This word for “animal” refers to land animal quadrupeds, not just any beast that dwells on the land (cf. 11:2).
39 Heb “which is food for you” or “which is for you to eat.”