^10:1While Ezra was praying and confessing, weeping and throwing himself to the ground before the temple of God, a very large crowd of Israelites—men, women, and children alike—gathered around him. The people wept loudly.¹^10:2Then Shecaniah son of Jehiel, from the descendants of Elam,² addressed Ezra:

“We have been unfaithful to our God by marrying³ foreign women from the local peoples.⁴ Nonetheless, there is still hope for Israel in this regard.⁵^10:3Therefore let us enact⁶ a covenant with our God to send away all these women and their offspring, in keeping with your counsel, my lord,⁷ and that of those who respect⁸ the commandments of our God. And let it be done according to the law. ^10:4Get up, for this matter concerns you. We are with you, so be strong and act decisively!”

^10:5So Ezra got up and made the leading priests and Levites and all Israel take an oath to carry out this plan.⁹ And they all took a solemn oath. ^10:6Then Ezra got up from in front of the temple of God and went to the room of Jehohanan son of Eliashib. While he stayed¹⁰ there, he did not eat food or drink water, for he was in mourning over the infidelity of the exiles.

^10:7A proclamation¹¹ was circulated¹² throughout Judah and Jerusalem¹³ that all the exiles were to be assembled in Jerusalem. ^10:8Everyone who did not come within three days would thereby forfeit all his property, in keeping with the counsel of the officials and the elders. Furthermore, he himself would be excluded from the assembly of the exiles.

^10:9All the men of Judah and Benjamin were gathered in Jerusalem within the three days. (It was in the ninth month, on the twentieth day of that month.) All the people sat in the square at the temple of God, trembling because of this matter and because of the rains.

^10:10Then Ezra the priest stood up and said to them, “You have behaved in an unfaithful manner by taking foreign wives! This has contributed to the guilt of Israel. ^10:11Now give praise to the Lord God of your fathers, and do his will. Separate yourselves from the local residents¹⁴ and from these foreign wives.”

^10:12All the assembly replied in a loud voice: “We will do just as you have said!¹⁵^10:13However, the people are numerous and it is the rainy season.¹⁶ We are unable to stand here outside. Furthermore, this business cannot be resolved in a day or two, for we have sinned greatly in this matter. ^10:14Let our leaders take steps¹⁷ on behalf of all the assembly. Let all those in our towns who have married foreign women come at an appointed time, and with them the elders of each town and its judges, until the hot anger of our God is turned away from us in this matter.”

^10:15Only Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah were¹⁸ against this, assisted by Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite. ^10:16So the exiles proceeded accordingly. Ezra the priest separated out¹⁹ by name men who were leaders in their family groups.²⁰ They sat down to consider this matter on the first day of the tenth month, ^10:17and on the first day of the first month they finished considering all the men who had married foreign wives.

Those Who Had Taken Foreign Wives

^10:18It was determined²¹ that from the descendants of the priests, the following had taken foreign wives: from the descendants of Jeshua son of Jozadak, and his brothers: Maaseiah, Eliezer, Jarib, and Gedaliah. ^10:19(They gave their word²² to send away their wives; their guilt offering was a ram from the flock for their guilt.)

^10:20From the descendants of Immer: Hanani and Zebadiah.

^10:21From the descendants of Harim: Maaseiah, Elijah, Shemaiah, Jehiel, and Uzziah.

^10:22From the descendants of Pashhur: Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethanel, Jozabad, and Elasah.

^10:23From the Levites: Jozabad, Shimei, Kelaiah (also known as Kelita), Pethahiah, Judah, and Eliezer.

^10:24From the singers: Eliashib. From the gatekeepers: Shallum, Telem, and Uri.

^10:25From the Israelites: from the descendants of Parosh: Ramiah, Izziah, Malkijah, Mijamin, Eleazar, Malkijah, and Benaiah.

^10:26From the descendants of Elam: Mattaniah, Zechariah, Jehiel, Abdi, Jeremoth, and Elijah.

^10:27From the descendants of Zattu: Elioenai, Eliashib, Mattaniah, Jeremoth, Zabad, and Aziza.

^10:28From the descendants of Bebai: Jehohanan, Hananiah, Zabbai, and Athlai.

^10:29From the descendants of Bani: Meshullam, Malluch, Adaiah, Jashub, Sheal, and Jeremoth.

^10:30From the descendants of Pahath-Moab: Adna, Kelal, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattaniah, Bezalel, Binnui, and Manasseh.

^10:31From²³ the descendants of Harim: Eliezer, Ishijah, Malkijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon, ^10:32Benjamin, Malluch, and Shemariah.

^10:33From the descendants of Hashum: Mattenai, Mattattah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, and Shimei.

^10:34From the descendants of Bani:²⁴ Maadai, Amram, Uel, ^10:35Benaiah, Bedeiah, Keluhi, ^10:36Vaniah, Meremoth, Eliashib, ^10:37Mattaniah, Mattenai, and Jaasu.

^10:38From²⁵ the descendants of Binnui: Shimei, ^10:39Shelemiah, Nathan, Adaiah, ^10:40Machnadebai, Shashai, Sharai, ^10:41Azarel, Shelemiah, Shemariah, ^10:42Shallum, Amariah, and Joseph.

^10:43From the descendants of Nebo: Jeiel, Mattithiah, Zabad, Zebina, Jaddai, Joel, and Benaiah.

^10:44All these had taken foreign wives, and some of them also had children by these women.²⁶

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Footnotes

1 Heb “with much weeping.”
2 The translation reads with the Qere, many medieval Hebrew , the , the , and עֵילָם (’elam, “Elam”) rather than the reading עוֹלָם (’olam, “eternity”) found in the .
3 Heb “in that we have given a dwelling to.” So also in vv. 14, 17, 18.
4 Heb “the peoples of the lands.”
5 Heb “upon this.”
6 Heb “cut.”
7 The vocalizes this word as a plural, which could be understood as a reference to God. But the context seems to suggest that a human lord is intended. The apparatus of suggests repointing the word as a singular (“my lord”), but this is unnecessary. The plural (“my lords”) can be understood in an honorific sense even when a human being is in view. Most English versions regard this as a reference to Ezra, so the present translation supplies “your” before “counsel” to make this clear.
8 Heb “who tremble at”; , “who fear.”
9 Heb “to do according to this plan.”
10 The translation reads וַיָּלֶן (vayyalen, “and he stayed”) rather than the reading וַיֵּלֶךְ (vayyelekh, “and he went”) of the . Cf. the .
11 Heb “voice.”
12 Heb “they sent.”
13 For location see ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .
14 Heb “the peoples of the land.”
15 Heb “thus according to your word [singular = Qere] concerning us, to do.”
16 Heb “the time [is] rain showers.”
17 Heb “stand.”
18 Heb “stood.”
19 The translation reads the Hiphil singular וַיַּבְדֵּל לוֹ (vayyavdel lo, “separated for himself”) rather than the Niphal plural וַיִּבָּדְלוּ (vayyibbadélu, “were separated”) of the .
20 Heb “the heads of the fathers, to the house of their fathers, and all of them by name.”
21 Heb “found.”
22 Heb “hand.”
23 The translation reads with many medieval Hebrew and ancient versions וּמִבְּנֵי (umibbéne, “and from the sons of”) rather than the reading ubene (“and the sons of”) found in the .
24 The name “Bani” appears in both v. 29 and v. 34. One of these names has probably undergone alteration in the transmission process, but it is not clear exactly where the problem lies or how it should be corrected.
25 The translation reads וּמִבְּנֵי בִנּוּי (umibbéney vinnuy, “and from the sons of Binnui”) rather than the reading וּבָנִי וּבִנּוּי (uvani uvinnuy, “and Bani and Binnui”) of the .
26 The final statement in v. 44 is difficult in terms of both its syntax and its meaning. The present translation attempts to make sense of the . But the passage may have undergone corruption in the transmission process. One proposal is that the text should be emended to read “and they sent these wives and children away” (cf. , , , ).