23 “wife” has been supplied.
24 The translation of “food” does not quite do justice to the Hebrew word. It is “flesh.” The issue here is that the family she was to marry into is wealthy, they ate meat. She was not just to be given the basic food the ordinary people ate, but the fine foods that this family ate.
25 See S. Paul, “Exodus 21:10, A Threefold Maintenance Clause,” 28 (1969): 48–53. Paul suggests that the third element listed is not marital rights but ointments since Sumerian and Akkadian texts list food, clothing, and oil as the necessities of life. The translation of “marital rights” is far from certain, since the word occurs only here. The point is that the woman was to be cared for with all that was required for a woman in that situation.

In other versions

ESVEnglish Standard Version

If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, or her marital rights.

NIVNew International Version (2011)

If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights.

CSBChristian Standard Bible

If he takes an additional wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of the first wife.

NLTNew Living Translation

“If a man who has married a slave wife takes another wife for himself, he must not neglect the rights of the first wife to food, clothing, and sexual intimacy.

LEBThe Lexham English Bible

If he takes for himself another, he will not reduce her food, her clothing, or her right of cohabitation.

KJV 1900King James Version

If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish.

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