^10:1Later the king of the Ammonites died and his son Hanun succeeded him.¹^10:2David said, “I will express my loyalty² to Hanun son of Nahash just as his father was loyal³ to me.” So David sent his servants with a message expressing sympathy over his father’s death.⁴ When David’s servants entered the land of the Ammonites, ^10:3the Ammonite officials said to their lord Hanun, “Do you really think David is trying to honor your father by sending these messengers to express his sympathy?⁵ No, David has sent his servants to you to get information about the city and spy on it so they can overthrow it!”⁶

^10:4So Hanun seized David’s servants and shaved off half of each one’s beard. He cut the lower part of their robes off so that their buttocks were exposed,⁷ and then sent them away. ^10:5Messengers⁸ told David what had happened,⁹ so he summoned them, for the men were thoroughly humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho¹⁰ until your beards have grown again; then you may come back.”

^10:6When the Ammonites realized that David was disgusted with them,¹¹ they¹² sent and hired 20,000 foot soldiers from Aram Beth Rehob and Aram Zobah,¹³ in addition to 1,000 men from the king of Maacah and 12,000 men from Ish-tob.¹⁴

^10:7When David heard the news, he sent Joab and the entire army to meet them.¹⁵^10:8The Ammonites marched out and were deployed for battle at the entrance of the city gate, while the men from Aram Zobah, Rehob, Ish-tob, and Maacah were by themselves in the field.

^10:9When Joab saw that the battle would be fought on two fronts, he chose some of Israel’s best men and deployed them against the Arameans.¹⁶^10:10He put his brother Abishai in charge of the rest of the army¹⁷ and they were deployed¹⁸ against the Ammonites. ^10:11Joab¹⁹ said, “If the Arameans start to overpower me,²⁰ you come to my rescue. If the Ammonites start to overpower you,²¹ I will come to your rescue. ^10:12Be strong! Let’s fight bravely for the sake of our people and the cities of our God! The Lord will do what he decides is best!”²²

^10:13So Joab and his men²³ marched out to do battle with the Arameans, and they fled before him. ^10:14When the Ammonites saw the Arameans flee, they fled before his brother Abishai and went into the city. Joab withdrew from fighting the Ammonites and returned to²⁴ Jerusalem.²⁵

^10:15When the Arameans realized that they had been defeated by Israel, they consolidated their forces.²⁶^10:16Then Hadadezer sent for Arameans from²⁷ beyond the Euphrates River,²⁸ and they came to Helam. Shobach, the general in command of Hadadezer’s army, led them.²⁹

^10:17When David was informed, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan River,³⁰ and came to Helam. The Arameans deployed their forces against David and fought with him. ^10:18The Arameans fled before Israel. David killed 700 Aramean charioteers and 40,000 foot soldiers.³¹ He also struck down Shobach, the general in command of the army, who died there. ^10:19When all the kings who were subject to Hadadezer³² saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subjects of Israel.³³ The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.

Read in Logos

Footnotes

1 Heb “reigned in his place.”
2 Heb “do loyalty.”
3 Heb “did loyalty.”
4 Heb “and David sent to console him by the hand of his servants concerning his father.”
5 Heb “Is David honoring your father in your eyes when he sends to you ones consoling?”
6 Heb “Is it not to explore the city and to spy on it and to overthrow it [that] David has sent his servants to you?”
7 Heb “and he cut their robes in the middle unto their buttocks.”
8 Heb “they”; the referent (the messengers) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
9 The words “what had happened” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.
10 For location see ; ; ; ; ; .
11 Heb “that they were a stench [i.e., disgusting] with David.”
12 Heb “the Ammonites.”
13 Or “Arameans of Beth Rehob and Arameans of Zobah.”
14 Or perhaps “the men of Tob.” The ancient versions (the , the , and ) understand the name to be “Ish-tob.” It is possible that “Ish” is dittographic and that we should read simply “,” a reading adopted by a number of recent English versions.
15 The words “the news” and “to meet them” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.
16 Heb “and Joab saw that the face of the battle was to him before and behind and he chose from all the best in Israel and arranged to meet Aram.”
17 Heb “people.”
18 Heb “he arranged.”
19 Heb “he”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
20 Heb “if Aram is stronger than me.”
21 Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.”
22 Heb “and the Lord will do what is good in his eyes.”
23 Heb “and the army which was with him.”
24 Heb “and Joab returned from against the sons of Ammon and entered.”
25 For location see ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .
26 Heb “were gathered together.”
27 Heb “and Hadadezer sent and brought out Aram which is.”
28 Heb “from beyond the River.” The name “Euphrates” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
29 Heb “was before them.”
30 The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
31 Heb “horsemen” (so , , , , ) but the Lucianic recension of the reads “foot soldiers,” as does the parallel text in 1 Chr 19:18. Cf. , .
32 Heb “the servants of Hadadezer.”
33 Heb “and they served them.”