1 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for aI have 1hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that I may 2perform these signs of Mine 3among them,

2 and athat you may tell in the 1hearing of your son, and of your grandson, how I made a mockery of the Egyptians and how I 2performed My signs among them, bthat you may know that I am the Lord.”

3 Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said to him, “Thus says the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, ‘How long will you refuse to ahumble yourself before Me? bLet My people go, that they may serve Me.

4 ‘For if you refuse to let My people go, behold, tomorrow I will bring locusts into your territory.

5 ‘They shall cover the surface of the land, so that no one will be able to see the land. aThey will also eat the rest of what has escaped—what is left to you from the hail—and they will eat every tree which sprouts for you out of the field.

6 ‘Then ayour houses shall be filled and the houses of all your servants and the houses of all the Egyptians, something which neither your fathers nor your grandfathers have seen, from the day that they 1came upon the earth until this day.’ ” And he turned and went out from Pharaoh.

7 aPharaoh’s servants said to him, “How long will this man be ba snare to us? Let the men go, that they may serve the Lord their God. Do you not 1realize that Egypt is destroyed?”

8 So Moses and Aaron awere brought back to Pharaoh, and he said to them, “bGo, serve the Lord your God! 1Who are the ones that are going?”

9 Moses said, “aWe shall go with our young and our old; with our sons and our daughters, bwith our flocks and our herds we shall go, for we 1must hold a feast to the Lord.”

10 Then he said to them, “Thus may the Lord be with you, 1if ever I let you and your little ones go! Take heed, for evil is 2in your mind.

11 “Not so! Go now, the men among you, and serve the Lord, for 1that is what you desire.” So athey were driven out from Pharaoh’s presence.

12 Then the Lord said to Moses, “aStretch out your hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up on the land of Egypt and beat every plant of the land, even all that the hail has left.”

13 So Moses stretched out his staff over the land of Egypt, and the Lord directed an east wind on the land all that day and all that night; and when it was morning, the east wind 1brought the alocusts.

14 aThe locusts came up over all the land of Egypt and settled in all the territory of Egypt; they were very 1numerous. There had never been so many 2locusts, nor would there be so many 3again.

15 For they covered the surface of the whole land, so that the land was darkened; and they aate every plant of the land and all the fruit of the trees that the hail had left. Thus nothing green was left on tree or plant of the field through all the land of Egypt.

16 Then Pharaoh hurriedly acalled for Moses and Aaron, and he said, “bI have sinned against the Lord your God and against you.

17 “Now therefore, please forgive my sin only this once, and amake supplication to the Lord your God, that He would only remove this death from me.”

18 aHe went out from Pharaoh and made supplication to the Lord.

19 So the Lord shifted the wind to a very strong west wind which took up the locusts and drove them into the 1Red Sea; not one locust was left in all the territory of Egypt.

20 But athe Lord 1hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go.

Darkness over the Land

21 Then the Lord said to Moses, “aStretch out your hand toward the sky, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even a darkness bwhich may be felt.”

22 So Moses stretched out his hand toward the sky, and there was athick darkness in all the land of Egypt for three days.

23 They did not see one another, nor did anyone rise from his place for three days, abut all the sons of Israel had light in their dwellings.

24 Then Pharaoh acalled to Moses, and said, “Go, serve the Lord; only let your flocks and your herds be detained. Even byour little ones may go with you.”

25 But Moses said, “You must also 1let us have sacrifices and burnt offerings, that we may 2sacrifice them to the Lord our God.

26 “aTherefore, our livestock too shall go with us; not a hoof shall be left behind, for we shall take some of them to serve the Lord our God. And until we arrive there, we ourselves do not know with what we shall serve the Lord.”

27 But athe Lord 1hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he was not willing to let them go.

28 Then Pharaoh said to him, “aGet away from me! 1Beware, do not see my face again, for in the day you see my face you shall die!”

29 Moses said, “You are right; aI shall never see your face again!”

Chapter 11

The Last Plague

1 Now the Lord said to Moses, “One more plague I will bring on Pharaoh and on Egypt; aafter that he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will surely drive you out from here completely.

2 “Speak now in the 1hearing of the people that aeach man ask from his neighbor and each woman from her neighbor for articles of silver and articles of gold.”

3 aThe Lord gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. bFurthermore, the man Moses himself was 1greatly esteemed in the land of Egypt, both in the sight of Pharaoh’s servants and in the sight of the people.

4 Moses said, “Thus says the Lord, ‘About amidnight I am going out into the midst of Egypt,

5 and aall the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of the Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the slave girl who is behind the millstones; all the firstborn of the cattle as well.

6 ‘Moreover, there shall be aa great cry in all the land of Egypt, such as there has not been before and such as shall never be again.

7 ‘aBut against any of the sons of Israel a dog will not even 1bark, whether against man or beast, that you may 2understand how the Lord makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.’

8 “aAll these your servants will come down to me and bow themselves 1before me, saying, ‘Go out, you and all the people who 2follow you,’ and after that I will go out.” bAnd he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger.

9 Then the Lord said to Moses, “aPharaoh will not listen to you, so bthat My wonders will be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”

10 aMoses and Aaron performed all these wonders before Pharaoh; yet bthe Lord 1hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the sons of Israel go out of his land.

Chapter 12

The Passover Lamb

1 Now the Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of 1Egypt,

2 “aThis month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you.

3 “Speak to all the congregation of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth of this month they are each one to take a 1lamb for themselves, according to their fathers’ households, a 1lamb for 2each household.

4 ‘Now if the household is too small for a 1lamb, then he and his neighbor nearest to his house are to take one according to the 2number of persons in them; according to 3what each man should eat, you are to 4divide the lamb.

5 ‘Your 1lamb shall be aan unblemished male a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats.

6 ‘1You shall keep it until the afourteenth day of the same month, then the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel is to kill it 2bat twilight.

7 ‘aMoreover, they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel 1of the houses in which they eat it.

8 ‘They shall eat the flesh athat same night, broasted with fire, and they shall eat it with cunleavened bread 1dand bitter herbs.

9 ‘Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather aroasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with bits entrails.

10 ‘aAnd you shall not leave any of it over until morning, but whatever is left of it until morning, you shall burn with fire.

11 ‘Now you shall eat it in this manner: with your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste—it is athe Lord’s Passover.

12 ‘For aI will go through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and bagainst all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments—cI am the Lord.

13 ‘aThe blood shall be a sign for you on the houses where you 1live; and when I see the blood I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you 2to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.

Feast of Unleavened Bread

14 ‘Now athis day will be ba memorial to you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to the Lord; throughout your generations you are to celebrate it as 1ca permanent ordinance.

15 ‘aSeven days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the first day you shall 1remove leaven from your houses; for whoever eats anything leavened from the first day until the seventh day, bthat 2person shall be cut off from Israel.

16 ‘aOn the first day you shall have a holy assembly, and another holy assembly on the seventh day; no work at all shall be done on them, except what must be eaten 1by every person, that alone may be 2prepared by you.

17 ‘You shall also observe athe Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this bvery day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt; therefore you shall observe this day throughout your generations as ca 1permanent ordinance.

18 ‘aIn the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty-first day of the month at evening.

19 ‘aSeven days there shall be no leaven found in your houses; for whoever eats what is leavened, that 1bperson shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is an alien or a native of the land.

20 ‘You shall not eat anything leavened; in all your dwellings you shall eat unleavened bread.’ ”

21 Then aMoses called for all the elders of Israel and said to them, “1Go and btake for yourselves 2lambs according to your families, and slay cthe Passover lamb.

22 “aYou shall take a bunch of hyssop and dip it in the blood which is in the basin, and 1apply some of the blood that is in the basin to the lintel and the