2 Kings 17–18

Hoshea Reigns in Israel

17In the twelfth year of Ahaz the king of Judah, Hoshea the son of Elah began to reign over Israel in Samaria, reigning nine years. ²He did evil in the eyes of Yahweh, only not as the kings of Israel who were before him. ³Shalmaneser the king of Assyria^a came up against him, and Hoshea became his vassal and paid tribute to him. ⁴But the king of Assyria found treachery in Hoshea, for he had sent messengers to So king of Egypt, and he did not offer tribute to the king of Assyria as he had year after year; so the king of Assyria arrested him, and confined him in a house of imprisonment. ⁵So the king of Assyria went up in all the land, then he went up to Samaria and besieged it for three years.

Israel Deported to Assyria and the Reasons It Fell

⁶In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and deported Israel to Assyria. He placed them in Halah, in Habor, in the river regions of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. ⁷Now this happened because the Israelites^b had sinned against Yahweh their God when he brought them up from the land of Egypt from under the hand of Pharaoh the king of Egypt and they feared other gods. ⁸They walked in the statutes of the nations whom Yahweh had driven out from before the Israelites,^c which the kings of Israel had introduced. ⁹The Israelites^d secretly did things that were not right against Yahweh their God; they built high places for themselves in all their towns, from the watchtower up to the fortified city. ¹⁰They set up for themselves stone pillars and poles of Asherah worship on every high hill and under every green tree. ¹¹They burned incense there on all the high places, like the nations which Yahweh deported before them, and they did evil things to provoke Yahweh. ¹²They served idols of which Yahweh had said to them, “You shall not do this thing!” ¹³Yahweh warned Israel and Judah by the hand of his every prophet, with every seer saying, “Turn from all of your evil ways, and keep my commandments and my ordinances, according to all the law which I commanded your ancestors,^e which I sent to you by the hand of my servants the prophets.” ¹⁴But they did not listen and they stiffened their necks, like the necks of their ancestors^f who did not believe in Yahweh their God. ¹⁵They rejected his statutes, his covenant which he made^g with their ancestors,^h and his warnings which he gave to them; and they went after the idols, became vain, and went after all the nations which were all around them, which Yahweh had commanded them not to do as they did. ¹⁶They abandoned all the commands of Yahweh their God and made for themselves two molten calf-shaped idols; they made a pole of Asherah worship and bowed down to the army of the heavens and served Baal. ¹⁷They made their sons and their daughters pass through the fire, they practiced divination and read omens, and they sold themselves to do evil in the eyes of Yahweh to provoke him. ¹⁸So Yahweh was very angry with Israel and he removed them from his presence; none remained except the tribe of Judah alone.

¹⁹Even Judah did not keep the commands of Yahweh their God, and they walked in the customs of Israel which they introduced, ²⁰so Yahweh rejected all the offspring of Israel and punished them, and he gave them into the hand of the plunderers until he banished them from his presence. ²¹For he had torn Israel from the house of David, and they made Jeroboam the son of Nebat king, but Jeroboam detached Israel from following Yahweh, and he made them sin a great sin. ²²The Israelitesⁱ walked in all the sins of Jeroboam that he committed, and they did not depart from it, ²³until Yahweh removed Israel from his presence as he had foretold by the hand of all his servants, the prophets. And so he deported Israel from upon his land to Assyria until this day.

Israel Repopulated with Foreign Captives

²⁴The king of Assyria brought from Babylonia, from Cush, from Arva, from Hamath, and Sepharvaim, and he settled them in the cities of Samaria in place of the Israelites,^j so they took possession of Samaria and lived in her cities. ²⁵It happened that when they began living there, they did not fear Yahweh, so Yahweh sent lions among them, and they were killing them.^{k 26}So they said to the king of Assyria, “The nations whom you deported and settled in the cities of Samaria do not know the customs of the God of the land, so he sent lions among them, and now they are killing them because they do not know the customs of the God of the land.” ²⁷Then the king of Assyria commanded, saying, “Release one of the priests whom you deported from there, and let him go and settle there. Let him teach them the customs of the God of the land.” ²⁸So one of the priests went, whom they had deported from Samaria, and he settled in Bethel and was teaching them how they should fear Yahweh.

²⁹Yet every nation was making their^l gods, and they put them in the shrine of the high places that the Samaritans had made, every nation in their cities in which they were living. ³⁰The men of Babylonia made Succoth Benoth; the men of Cuth made Nergal; the men of Hamath made Ashima. ³¹The Arvites made Nibhaz and Tartak; the Sepharvites were burning their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech the gods of Sepharvaim. ³²Those who were fearing Yahweh made priests of the high places from among themselves,^m and they were sacrificing for them in the shrines of the high places. ³³Yahweh they were fearing, but their gods they were serving, according to the customs of the nations from which they were deported.

³⁴Until this day they are doing according to their former customs; none of them are fearing Yahweh, and none of them are doing according to their statutes, to their decisions, to the law, or to the commands that Yahweh commanded the descendantsⁿ of Jacob to whom he had given the name Israel. ³⁵Yahweh had made^o a covenant with them and commanded them, “You shall not fear other gods, nor shall you bow down to them, nor shall you serve them, nor shall you sacrifice to them. ³⁶Rather, Yahweh, who brought you out from the land of Egypt with great strength and with an outstretched arm—him you shall fear, and to him you shall bow down, and to him you shall sacrifice. ³⁷The statutes, the decisions, the law, and the commands that he wrote to you, you shall observe to do always, and you shall not fear other gods. ³⁸The covenant that I have made^p with you, you shall not forget, and you shall not fear other gods. ³⁹But Yahweh your God you shall fear, and he will deliver you from the hand of all of your enemies.” ⁴⁰They did not listen but kept on doing according to their former customs. ⁴¹So these nations were fearing Yahweh, but they were serving their idols, as were their children and their children’s children; as their ancestors^q did, they are doing until this day.

Hezekiah Reigns in Judah

18It happened in the third year of Hoshea the son of Elah king of Israel, that Hezekiah the son of Ahaz king of Judah became king. ²He was twenty-five years old^a when he became king, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. The name of his mother was Abi, the daughter of Zechariah. ³He did right in the eyes of Yahweh according to all that David his ancestor^b had done. ⁴He removed the high places, and he smashed the stone pillars; he cut down the poles of Asherah worship and demolished the bronze serpent that Moses had made, for up to those days the Israelites^c were offering incense to it and called it Nehushtan. ⁵He trusted in Yahweh the God of Israel; there was no one like him, before or after, among all the kings of Judah. ⁶He held on to Yahweh; he did not depart from following him, and he kept his commands that Yahweh had commanded Moses. ⁷Yahweh was with him; everywhere he went, he succeeded. He rebelled against the king of Assyria and did not serve him. ⁸He attacked the Philistines up to Gaza and its territory from the watchtower up to the fortified city.

⁹It happened in the fourth year of King Hezekiah, that is, the seventh year of Hoshea the son of Elah king of Israel, Shalmaneser king of Assyria came against Samaria and laid siege against her. ¹⁰At the end of three years, he captured it in the sixth year of Hezekiah, that is, the ninth year of Hoshea king of Israel; Samaria was captured. ¹¹Then the king of Assyria deported Israel to Assyria and settled them in Halah, in Habor, in the river regions of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes, ¹²because they did not listen to the voice of Yahweh their God, and they transgressed his covenant; all that he had commanded Moses, the servant of Yahweh, they did not listen to nor did they obey.

Sennacherib of Assyria Invades Judah

¹³In the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah, Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all of the fortified cities of Judah and captured them. ¹⁴So Hezekiah king of Judah sent word to the king of Assyria at Lachish, saying, “I have done wrong. Withdraw from me. What you impose on me I will bear.” So the king of Assyria imposed on Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold. ¹⁵Then Hezekiah gave all of the silver found in the temple of Yahweh and in the storerooms of the house of the king. ¹⁶At that time, Hezekiah cut off the doors of the temple of Yahweh and the doorposts which Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid, and he gave them to the king of Assyria. ¹⁷So the king of Assyria sent the commander in chief, the chief eunuch, and the chief advisor^d from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem with a heavy army. They went up and came to Jerusalem, then they went up and came and stood at the aqueduct of the upper pool which is on the main road of the washer’s^e field. ¹⁸Then they called to the king, so Eliakim the son of Hilkiah who was over the palace, Shebna the secretary, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder, came out to them.

Assyrians Advise against Trust in Yahweh

¹⁹Then the chief advisor said to them,…