Ezra 4–5

Opposition to Rebuilding the Temple

4When the enemies of Judah and Benjamin ⁿheard that the returned exiles ^opwere building a temple for Yahweh, the God of Israel, ²they approached Zerubbabel and the leaders of the families and said to them, “Let us build with you, for we also worship your God and have been sacrificing to Him ^qsince the time King Esar-haddon of Assyria ^rbrought us here.” ^s

³But Zerubbabel, Jeshua, and the other leaders of Israel’s families answered them, “You may have no part with us in building a house for our God, ^tsince we alone must build it for Yahweh, the God of Israel, as King Cyrus, the king of Persia has commanded us.” ^u4Then the people who were already in the land ^vdiscouraged ^wthe people of Judah and made them afraid ^xto build. ⁵They also bribed officials to act against them to frustrate their plans ^ythroughout the reign of King Cyrus of Persia and until the reign of King Darius of Persia. ^za

Opposition to Rebuilding the City

⁶At the beginning of the reign of Ahasuerus, ^bcthe people who were already in the land ^dewrote an accusation against the residents of Judah and Jerusalem. ⁷During the time of King Artaxerxes of Persia, ^fgBishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel and the rest of his colleagues wrote to King Artaxerxes. The letter was written in Aramaic ^hand translated. ^ij

⁸Rehum the chief deputy and Shimshai the scribe ^kwrote a letter to King Artaxerxes concerning Jerusalem as follows:

⁹From Rehum ^lthe chief deputy, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their colleagues—the judges and magistrates ^mfrom Tripolis, Persia, Erech, Babylon, Susa ⁿ(that is, the people of Elam), ^o10and the rest of the peoples whom the great and illustrious Ashurbanipal ^pdeported and settled in the cities of Samaria ^qand the region west of the Euphrates River. ^r

¹¹This is the text of the letter they sent to him:

To King Artaxerxes from your servants, the men from the region west of the Euphrates River:

¹²Let it be known to the king that the Jews who came from you have returned to us at Jerusalem. They are rebuilding that rebellious and evil city, finishing its walls, and repairing its foundations. ¹³Let it now be known to the king that if that city is rebuilt and its walls are finished, ^sthey will not pay tribute, duty, or land tax, ^tand the royal revenue ^uwill suffer. ¹⁴Since we have taken an oath of loyalty to the king, ^vand it is not right for us to witness his dishonor, we have sent to inform the king ¹⁵that a search should be made in your fathers’ record books. ^wIn these record books you will discover and verify that the city is a rebellious city, harmful to kings and provinces. There have been revolts in it since ancient times. That is why this city was destroyed. ¹⁶We advise the king that if this city is rebuilt and its walls are finished, you will not have any possession west of the Euphrates.

Artaxerxes’ Reply

¹⁷The king sent a reply to his chief deputy Rehum, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their colleagues living in Samaria and elsewhere in the region west of the Euphrates River:

Greetings.

¹⁸The letter you sent us has been translated and read ^xyin my presence. ¹⁹I issued a decree and a search was conducted. It was discovered that this city has had uprisings against kings since ancient times, and there have been rebellions and revolts in it. ²⁰Powerful kings have also ruled over Jerusalem and exercised authority over the whole region, and tribute, duty, and land tax were paid to them. ²¹Therefore, issue an order for these men to stop, so that this city will not be rebuilt until a further decree has been pronounced by me. ^z22See that you not neglect this matter. Otherwise, the damage will increase and the royal interests ^awill suffer.

²³As soon as the text of King Artaxerxes’ letter was read to Rehum, Shimshai the scribe, and their colleagues, ^bthey immediately went to the Jews in Jerusalem and forcibly stopped them.

Rebuilding of the Temple Resumed

²⁴Now the construction of God’s house in Jerusalem had stopped and remained at a standstill until the second year of the reign of King Darius of Persia. ^c5¹But when the prophets Haggai and Zechariah son of Iddo ^dprophesied to the Jews who were in Judah and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel who was over them, ²Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel and Jeshua son of Jozadak ^ebegan to rebuild God’s house in Jerusalem. The prophets of God ^fwere with them, helping them.

³At that time Tattenai the governor of the region west of the Euphrates River, Shethar-bozenai, and their colleagues ^gcame to the Jews and asked, “Who gave you the order to rebuild this temple and finish this structure?” ^hi4They also asked them, “What are the names of the workers ^jwho are constructing this building?” ⁵But God was watching ^kover ^lthe Jewish elders. These men wouldn’t stop them until a report was sent to Darius, so that they could receive written instructions about this matter.

The Letter to Darius

⁶This is the text of the letter that Tattenai the governor of the region west of the Euphrates River, Shethar-bozenai, and their colleagues, the officials in the region, sent to King Darius. ⁷They sent him a report, written as follows:

To King Darius:

All greetings.

⁸Let it be known to the king that we went to the house of the great God in the province of Judah. It is being built with cut ^mstones, and its beams are being set in the walls. This work is being done diligently and succeeding through the people’s efforts. ⁿ⁹So we questioned the elders and asked, “Who gave you the order to rebuild this temple and finish this structure?” ^o10We also asked them for their names, so that we could write down the names of their leaders for your information.

¹¹This is the reply they gave us:

We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth and are rebuilding the temple that was built many years ago, which a great king of Israel built and finished. ^p12But since our fathers angered the God of heaven, He handed them over to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this temple and deported the people to Babylon. ^q13However, in the first year of Cyrus king of Babylon, he issued a decree to rebuild the house of God. ^r14He also took from the temple in Babylon the gold and silver articles of God’s house that Nebuchadnezzar had taken from the temple in Jerusalem and carried them to the temple in Babylon. ^sHe released them from the temple in Babylon to a man named Sheshbazzar, the governor by the appointment of King Cyrus. ^t15Cyrus told him, “Take these articles, put them in the temple in Jerusalem, and let the house of God be rebuilt on its original site.” ^u16Then this same Sheshbazzar came and laid the foundation of God’s house in Jerusalem. ^vIt has been under construction from that time until now, ^wyet it has not been completed.

¹⁷So if it pleases the king, let a search of the royal archives ^xin Babylon be conducted to see if it is true that a decree was issued by King Cyrus to rebuild the house of God in Jerusalem. ^yLet the king’s decision regarding this matter be sent to us. ^z