Revelation 3:1

To the Church in Sardis

3:1 “To1 the angel of the church in Sardis write the following:2

“This is the solemn pronouncement of3 the one who holds4 the seven spirits of God and the seven stars: ‘I know your deeds, that you have a reputation5 that you are alive, but6 in reality7 you are dead.

1	tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.
2	tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.
3	tn Grk “These things says [the One] …” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1. sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.
4	tn Grk “who has” (cf. 1:16).
5	tn Grk “a name.”
6	tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
7	tn The prepositional phrase “in reality” is supplied in the translation to make explicit the idea that their being alive was only an illusion.