Job 9:29–31

Footnotes

1. 90 The clause simply has “I am guilty.” It is the same type of construction found in v. 24. It is also the opposite of that in v. 20. §107.n lists this as an example of the use of the imperfect to express an obligation or necessity according to the judgment of others; it would therefore mean “if I am to be guilty.”
2. 91 The demonstrative pronoun is included to bring particular emphasis to the question, as if to say, “Why in the world …” (see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 24, §118).
3. 92 The verb means “tire oneself”; see 3:17.
4. 93 Here הֶבֶל (hevel, “breath, vapor, vanity”) is used as an adverb (adverbial accusative).
5. 94 The and Job read with the Qere “with water of [בְמֵי, béme] snow.” The Kethib simply has “in [בְמוֹ, bémo] snow.” In Ps 51:9 and Isa 1:18 snow forms a simile for purification. Some protest that snow water is not necessarily clean; but if fresh melting snow is meant, then the runoff would be very clear. The image would work well here. Nevertheless, others have followed the later Hebrew meaning for שֶׁלֶג (sheleg)—“soap” (so , , ). Even though that makes a nice parallelism, it is uncertain whether that meaning was in use at the time this text was written.
6. 95 The word בֹּר (bor, “lye, potash”) does not refer to purity (, , ), but refers to the ingredient used to make the hands pure or clean. It has the same meaning as בֹּרִית (borit), the alkali or soda made from the ashes of certain plants.
7. 96 The pointing in the gives the meaning “pit” or “ditch.” A number of expositors change the pointing to שֻׁחוֹת (shukhot) to obtain the equivalent of שֻׂחוֹת (sukhot) / סֻחוֹת (sukhot): “filth” (Isa 5:25). This would make the contrast vivid—Job has just washed with pure water and soap, and now God plunges him into filth. M. H. Pope argues convincingly that the word “pit” in the includes the idea of “filth,” making the emendation unnecessary (“The Word sahat in Job 9:31,” 83 [1964]: 269–78).