16:4 Then the Lord said to Moses, “I am going to rain10 bread from heaven for you, and the people will go out11 and gather the amount for each day, so that I may test them.12 Will they will walk in my law13 or not?
tn The particle הִנְנִי (hinni) before the active participle indicates the imminent future action: “I am about to rain.”
11
tn This verb and the next are the Qal perfect tenses with vav (ו) consecutives; they follow the sequence of the participle, and so are future in orientation. The force here is instruction—“they will go out” or “they are to go out.”
12
tn The verb in the purpose/result clause is the Piel imperfect of נָסָה (nasah), אֲנַסֶּנוּ (’anassenu)—“in order that I may prove them [him].” The giving of the manna will be a test of their obedience to the detailed instructions of God as well as being a test of their faith in him (if they believe him they will not gather too much). In chap. 17 the people will test God, showing that they do not trust him.
13
sn The word “law” here properly means “direction” at this point (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 146), but their obedience here would indicate also whether or not they would be willing to obey when the Law was given at Sinai.