^1:20This power⁵⁵ he exercised⁵⁶ in Christ when he raised him⁵⁷ from the dead and seated him⁵⁸ at his right hand in the heavenly realms⁵⁹^1:21far above every rule and authority and power and dominion and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come. ^1:22And God⁶⁰ put⁶¹ all things under Christ’s⁶² feet,⁶³ and he gave him to the church as head over all things.⁶⁴

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Footnotes

55 Grk “which” (v. 20 is a subordinate clause to v. 19).
56 The verb “exercised” (the aorist of ἐνεργέω, energeō) has its nominal cognate in “exercise” in v. 19 (ἐνέργεια, energeia).
57 Or “This power he exercised in Christ by raising him”; Grk “raising him.” The adverbial participle ἐγείρας (egeiras) could be understood as temporal (“when he raised [him]”), which would be contemporaneous to the action of the finite verb “he exercised” earlier in the verse, or as means (“by raising [him]”). The participle has been translated here with the temporal nuance to allow for means to also be a possible interpretation. If the translation focused instead upon means, the temporal nuance would be lost as the time frame for the action of the participle would become indistinct.
58 The majority of , especially the Western and Byzantine (D F G Ψ 𝔐 b r Ambst), have the indicative ἐκάθισεν (ekathisen, “he seated”) for καθίσας (kathisas, “when he seated, by seating”). The indicative is thus coordinate with ἐνήργησεν (enērgēsen, “he exercised”) and provides an additional statement to “he exercised his power.” The participle (found in 𝔓92vid א A B 0278 33 81 1175 1505 1739 1881 2464 ), on the other hand, is coordinate with ἐγείρας (egeiras) and as such provides evidence of God’s power: He exercised his power by raising Christ from the dead and by seating him at his right hand. As intriguing as the indicative reading is, it is most likely an intentional alteration of the original wording, accomplished by an early “Western” scribe, which made its way in the Byzantine text.
59 Eph 1:19–20. The point made in these verses is that the power required to live a life pleasing to God is the same power that raised Christ from the dead. For a similar thought, cf. John 15:1–11.
60 Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
61 Grk “subjected.”
62 Grk “his”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
63 An allusion to Ps 8:6.
64 Grk “and he gave him as head over all things to the church.”

In other versions

ESVEnglish Standard Version

that he worked in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places, far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come. And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church,

NIVNew International Version (2011)

he exerted when he raised Christ from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly realms, far above all rule and authority, power and dominion, and every name that is invoked, not only in the present age but also in the one to come. And God placed all things under his feet and appointed him to be head over everything for the church,

CSBChristian Standard Bible

He exercised this power in Christ by raising him from the dead and seating him at his right hand in the heavens—far above every ruler and authority, power and dominion, and every title given, not only in this age but also in the one to come. And he subjected everything under his feet and appointed him as head over everything for the church,

NLTNew Living Translation

that raised Christ from the dead and seated him in the place of honor at God’s right hand in the heavenly realms. Now he is far above any ruler or authority or power or leader or anything else—not only in this world but also in the world to come. God has put all things under the authority of Christ and has made him head over all things for the benefit of the church.

LEBThe Lexham English Bible

which he has worked in Christ, raising him from the dead and seating him at his right hand in the heavenly places, above all rule and authority and power and lordship and every name named, not only in this age but also in the coming one, and he subjected all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church,

KJV 1900King James Version

Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places, Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come: And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church,

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