Luke 1:26–33

Birth Announcement of Jesus the Messiah

1:26 In the sixth month of Elizabeth’s pregnancy,82 the angel Gabriel83 was sent by84 God to a town of Galilee called Nazareth,85 1:27 to a virgin engaged86 to a man whose name was Joseph, a descendant of David,87 and the virgin’s name was Mary. 1:28 The88 angel89 came90 to her and said, “Greetings, favored one,91 the Lord is with you!”92 1:29 But93 she was greatly troubled94 by his words and began to wonder about the meaning of this greeting.95 1:30 So96 the angel said to her, “Do not be afraid,97 Mary, for you have found favor98 with God! 1:31 Listen:99 You will become pregnant100 and give birth to101 a son, and you will name him102 Jesus.103 1:32 He104 will be great,105 and will be called the Son of the Most High,106 and the Lord God will give him the throne of his father107 David. 1:33 He108 will reign over the house of Jacob109 forever, and his kingdom will never end.”

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82	tn Grk “in the sixth month.” The phrase “of Elizabeth’s pregnancy” was supplied in the translation to clarify the exact time meant by this reference. That Elizabeth’s pregnancy is meant is clear from vv. 24–25.
83	sn Gabriel is the same angel mentioned previously in v. 19. He is traditionally identified as an angel who brings revelation (see Dan 8:15–16; 9:21). Gabriel and Michael are the only two good angels named in the Bible.
84	tn Or “from.” The account suggests God’s planned direction in these events, so “by” is better than “from,” as six months into Elizabeth’s pregnancy, God acts again.
85	sn Nazareth was a town in the region of Galilee, located north of Samaria and Judea. Galilee extended from about 45 to 85 miles north of Jerusalem and was about 30 miles in width. Nazareth was a very small village and was located about 15 miles west of the southern edge of the Sea of Galilee. map For location see Map1-D3; Map2-C2; Map3-D5; Map4-C1; Map5-G3.
86	tn Or “promised in marriage.”
87	tn Grk “Joseph, of the house of David.” sn The Greek word order here favors connecting Davidic descent to Joseph, not Mary, in this remark.
88	tn Grk “And coming to her.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
89	tn Grk “And coming to her, he said”; the referent (the angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
90	tn Grk “coming to her, he said.” The participle εἰσελθών (eiselthōn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
91	tn The address, “favored one” (a perfect participle, Grk “Oh one who is favored”) points to Mary as the recipient of God’s grace, not a bestower of it. She is a model saint in this passage, one who willingly receives God’s benefits. The Vulgate rendering “full of grace” suggests something more of Mary as a bestower of grace, but does not make sense here contextually.
92	tc Most mss (A C D Θ f13 33 𝔐 latt sy) read here εὐλογημένη σὺ ἐν γυναιξίν (eulogēmenē su en gunaixin, “blessed are you among women”) which also appears in 1:42 (where it is textually certain). This has the earmarks of a scribal addition for balance; the shorter reading, attested by the most important witnesses and several others (א B L W Ψ f1 565 579 700 1241 pc co), is thus preferred.
93	tc Most mss (A C Θ 0130 f13 𝔐 lat sy) have ἰδοῦσα (idousa, “when [she] saw [the angel]”) here as well, making Mary’s concern the appearance of the angel. This construction is harder than the shorter reading since it adds a transitive verb without an explicit object. However, the shorter reading has significant support (א B D L W Ψ f1 565 579 1241 sa) and on balance should probably be considered authentic.
94	sn On the phrase greatly troubled see 1:12. Mary’s reaction was like Zechariah’s response.
95	tn Grk “to wonder what kind of greeting this might be.” Luke often uses the optative this way to reveal a figure’s thinking (3:15; 8:9; 18:36; 22:23).
96	tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate that Gabriel’s statement is a response to Mary’s perplexity over the greeting.
97	sn Do not be afraid. See 1:13 for a similar statement to Zechariah.
98	tn Or “grace.” sn The expression found favor is a Semitism, common in the OT (Gen 6:8; 18:3; 43:14; 2 Sam 15:25). God has chosen to act on this person’s behalf.
99	tn Grk “And behold.”
100	tn Grk “you will conceive in your womb.”
101	tn Or “and bear.”
102	tn Grk “you will call his name.”
103	tn See v. 13 for a similar construction. sn You will name him Jesus. This verse reflects the birth announcement of a major figure; see 1:13; Gen 16:7; Judg 13:5; Isa 7:14. The Greek form of the name Iēsous, which was translated into Latin as Jesus, is the same as the Hebrew Yeshua (Joshua), which means “Yahweh saves” (Yahweh is typically rendered as “Lord” in the OT). It was a fairly common name among Jews in 1st century Palestine, as references to a number of people by this name in the LXX and Josephus indicate.
104	tn Grk “this one.”
105	sn Compare the description of Jesus as great here with 1:15, “great before the Lord.” Jesus is greater than John, since he is Messiah compared to a prophet. Great is stated absolutely without qualification to make the point.
106	sn The expression Most High is a way to refer to God without naming him. Such avoiding of direct reference to God was common in 1st century Judaism out of reverence for the divine name.
107	tn Or “ancestor.”
108	tn Grk “And he.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. A new sentence is begun here in the translation because of the length of the sentence in Greek.
109	tn Or “over Israel.” sn The expression house of Jacob refers to Israel. This points to the Messiah’s relationship to the people of Israel.

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