Acts 26:9–11

26:9 Of course,27 I myself was convinced28 that it was necessary to do many things hostile to the name of Jesus the Nazarene. 26:10 And that is what I did in Jerusalem: Not only did I lock up many of the saints in prisons by the authority I received29 from the chief priests, but I also cast my vote30 against them when they were sentenced to death.31 26:11 I punished32 them often in all the synagogues33 and tried to force34 them to blaspheme. Because I was so furiously enraged35 at them, I went to persecute36 them even in foreign cities.

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27	tn BDAG 737 s.v. οὖν 3 states, “It has been proposed that some traces of older Gk. usage in which οὖν is emphatic, = certainly, really, to be sure etc. (s. L-S-J-M s.v. 1) remain in the pap … and in the NT … indeed, of course Ac 26:9.”
28	tn Grk “I thought to myself.” BDAG 255 s.v. δοκέω 2.a has “ἕδοξα ἐμαυτῷ δῖν πρᾶξαι = Lat. mihi videbar I was convinced that it was necessary to do Ac 26:9.”
29	tn Grk “by receiving authority.” The participle λαβών (labōn) has been taken instrumentally.
30	tn Grk “cast down a pebble against them.” L&N 30.103 states, “(an idiom, Grk ‘to bring a pebble against someone,’ a reference to a white or black pebble used in voting for or against someone) to make known one’s choice against someone—‘to vote against.’ … ‘when they were sentenced to death, I also voted against them’ Ac 26:10.”
31	tn Grk “when they were being executed”; but the context supports the sentencing rather than the execution itself (cf. L&N 30.103).
32	tn Grk “and punishing … I tried.” The participle τιμωρῶν (timōrōn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
33	sn See the note on synagogue in 6:9.
34	tn The imperfect verb ἠνάγκαζον (ēnankazon) has been translated as a conative imperfect (so BDAG 60 s.v. ἀναγκάζω 1, which has “ἠνάγκαζον βλασφημεῖν I tried to force them to blaspheme Ac 26:11”).
35	tn Or “was so insanely angry with them.” BDAG 322 s.v. ἐμμαίνομαι states, “to be filled with such anger that one appears to be mad, be enraged … περισσῶς ἐμμαινόμενος αὐτοῖς being furiously enraged at them Ac 26:11”; L&N 88.182 s.v. ἐμμαίνομαι, “to be so furiously angry with someone as to be almost out of one’s mind—‘to be enraged, to be infuriated, to be insanely angry’ … ‘I was so infuriated with them that I even went to foreign cities to persecute them’ Ac 26:11.”
36	tn Or “I pursued them even as far as foreign cities.”

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