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Guilt Offering
Trespass offering
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Dictionaries
The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Revised
Trespass Offering
Trespass Offering The AV translation of Heb. ʾašām (RSV “guilt offering”). See Sacrifices and Offerings in the OT V.H.
Easton’s Bible Dictionary
Trespass offering
Trespass offering—(Heb. asham, “debt”), the law concerning, given in Lev. 5:14–6:7; also in Num. 5:5–8. The idea of sin as a “debt” pervades this legislation. The asham, which was always a ram, was offered in cases where sins were more private. (See OFFERING.)
A Catholic Dictionary
Gilds
gilds, guilds (A–S. gildan, to pay). The history of the word is obscure; in the Anglo-Saxon poems inscribed to Cædmon—Genesis and Daniel—gild or gyld is used in the sense of “sacrifice,” and also of “idol.” Among the.Teutons of the north its original meaning is said to have been “sacrificial feast.”1
Evangelical Dictionary of Theology
Guilt Offering
Guilt Offering—ʾāšām (Lev. 5:14–6:7; 7:1–7; KJV: “trespass offering”). The second kind of expiatory offering was the guilt offering, which consisted of payment of damages or a fine. The guilt offering was a means of making restitution when social, religious, or ritual expectations had not been observed.
Key passages
Le 5:1–19

“ ‘When a person sins in that he hears the utterance of a curse and he is a witness or he sees or he knows, if he does not make it known, then he shall bear his guilt. Or if a person touches anything unclean, whether an unclean wild animal’s dead body …

Le 7:1–7

“ ‘And this is the regulation of the guilt offering; it is a most holy thing. In the place where they slaughter the burnt offering, they must slaughter the guilt offering, and he must sprinkle its blood upon the altar all around. And he must present …

Le 19:21–22

And he shall bring his guilt offering to Yahweh at the tent of assembly’s entrance: a ram for a guilt offering. And the priest shall make atonement for him before Yahweh with the ram of the guilt offering for his sin that he committed, and so his sin that he committed shall be forgiven …

Ezr 10:19–20

They pledged themselves to put away their wives, and their guilt offering was a ram of the flock for their guilt. From the sons of Immer: Hanani and Zebadiah.

Pr 14:9

Fools mock the guilt offering, but among the upright, it is favorable.

See also
Is 53:10; Eze 42:13; Eze 44:29; Eze 46:20;