Deuteronomy 14:3–21

3 You shall not eat any detestable thing. 4 These are the animals you may eat: ox, ⌊sheep, goats⌋,e 5 deer, gazelle, roebuck, wild goat, ibex, antelope, and mountain sheep. 6 And any animal having a split hooff and so ⌊a dividing of the hoof into two parts⌋g ⌊and that chews the cud⌋h among the animalsi—that animal you may eat. 7 Only these you may not eat from ⌊those chewing the cud⌋j and from ⌊those having a division of the hoof⌋:k the camel and the hare and the coney, because ⌊they chew the cud⌋,l but they do not divide the hoof; they are therefore unclean for you. 8 And also the pig ⌊because it has a division of the hoof⌋m ⌊but does not chew the cud⌋;n it is unclean for you; from their meat you shall not eat, and you shall not touch their ⌊carcasses⌋.o

9 “This is what you shall eat from all that is in the water: ⌊everything⌋p ⌊that has fins and scales⌋q you may eat. 10 But ⌊anything that does not have⌋r fins and scales, you may not eat, for it is unclean for you.

11 “All of the birds that are clean you may eat. 12 Now these are the ones you shall not eat ⌊any of them⌋:s the eagle and the vulture and the short-toed eagle,t 13 and the red kiteu and the black kite or ⌊any kind of falcon⌋,v 14 and any kind of croww according to its kind, 15 and the ⌊ostrich⌋x and the short-eared owl and the seagully and the hawk according to its kind, 16 the little owl and the great owl and the barn owl,z 17 and the desert owla and the carrion vultureb and the cormorant,c 18 and the stork and the heron according to its kind and the hoopoe and the bat. 19 And also all of ⌊the winged insects⌋;d they are unclean for you; you shall not eat them. 20 You may eat any clean bird.

21 “You shall not eat any carcass;e you may give it to the alien who is in your ⌊towns⌋,f and he may eat it, or you may sell it to a foreigner, for you are a holy people for Yahweh your God; you may not boil a kid in its mother’s milk.

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e	Literally “small livestock of the sheep and a small livestock of the goats”
f	Or “divides the hoof”
g	Literally “a dividing cleft creating two hoofs”
h	Literally “and that brings up the cud”
i	Hebrew “animal”
j	Literally “bringing up the cud”
k	Literally “those having a division of the hoof divided”
l	Literally “they bringing up of the cud”
m	Literally “because a division of the hoof”
n	Literally “but not a chewing cud”
o	Literally “dead body”
p	Literally “all of that”
q	Literally “for it is fins and scales,” showing possession of these features
r	Literally “all of that there is not for it,” showing lack of possession of these features
s	Literally “from them”
t	This list of birds is difficult to translate since the terms are not definitely known: e.g., some translations render the last bird as a “buzzard” (NASV); other translations give different names for all three: griffon vulture, black vulture, bearded vulture (NEB)
u	Various options are available: large bird, kite, red kite, glede, buzzard
v	Literally “or the falcon according to its kind”; other options for falcon: bird, falcon, kite (others as carrion-bird), vulture, crow or raven, buzzard
w	Or others translate as “raven”
x	Literally “daughter of the ostrich”; others “desert owl”
y	Or “long-eared owl”
z	Or “white owl”
a	Or “large bird” or “horned-owl”
b	Or “large bird”
c	Or “large bird,” or “fisher-owl”
d	Literally “the swarmers of the flyers” or “all the swarms of things that fly”
e	Or “corpse”
f	Literally “gates”