1 *Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, acalled to be an apostle, bseparated unto the gospel of God, 2 c(Which he had promised afore dby his prophets in the holy scriptures,) 3 Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, ewhich was fmade of the seed of David according to the flesh; 4 And †declared to be gthe Son of God with power, according hto the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead: 5 By whom iwe have received grace and japostleship, ||for kobedience to the faith lamong all nations, lfor his name: 6 Among whom are ye also the mcalled of Jesus Christ: 7 To all that be in Rome, beloved of God, mcalled to be saints: nGrace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.

8 First, oI thank my God through Jesus Christ for you all, that pyour faith is spoken of throughout the whole world. 9 For qGod is my witness, rwhom I serve ||with my spirit in the gospel of his Son, that swithout ceasing I make mention of you always in my prayers; 10 tMaking request, if by any means now at length I might uhave a prosperous journey vby the will of God to come unto you. 11 For I long to see you, that wI may impart unto you xsome spiritual gift, to the end you may be established; 12 That is, that I may be comforted together ||with you by ythe mutual faith both of you and me. 13 Now I would not have you ignorant, brethren, that zoftentimes I purposed to come unto you, (but awas let hitherto,) that I might have bsome cfruit ||among you also, even as among other Gentiles. 14 dI am debtor both to the Greeks, and to the eBarbarians; both to the wise, and to the unwise. 15 So, as much as in me is, I am ready to preach the gospel to you that are at Rome also. 16 For fI am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for git is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to hthe Jew ifirst, and also to hthe jGreek. 17 For therein kis the righteousness of God revealed from kkfaith to faith: as it is written, lThe just shall live by faith.

18 For mthe wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness; 19 nBecause othat which may be known of God is manifest ||in them; for God hath shewed it unto them. 20 For othe invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, pbeing understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; ||so that they are qwithout excuse: 21 Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but rbecame svain in their imaginations, and their tfoolish heart swas darkened. 22 uProfessing themselves to be wise, they became fools, 23 And vchanged the glory of the uncorruptible God into wan image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and wfourfooted beasts, and creeping things. 24 Wherefore xGod also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, yto dishonour their own bodies between themselves: 25 Who changed zthe truth of God into aa lie, and worshipped and served the creature ||more than the Creator, who is bblessed for ever. Amen.

26 For this cause xGod gave them up unto cvile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature: 27 And likewise also dthe men, leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their elust one toward another; men with men working that which is unseemly, and receiving in themselves that recompence of their error which was meet. 28 And even as they did not flike ||to retain God in their knowledge, xGod gave them over to ||a reprobate mind, to do those things gwhich are not convenient; 29 Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, hiwickedness, hcovetousness, ijkmaliciousness; full of kenvy, murder, debate, deceit, lmalignity; mwhisperers, 30 mBackbiters, nhaters of God, odespiteful, hpproud, pboasters, qinventors of evil things, pdisobedient to parents, 31 rWithout understanding, covenantbreakers, ||swithout natural affection, simplacable, unmerciful: 32 Who knowing tthe judgment of God, that they which commit such things uare worthy of death, not only do the same, but ||xhave pleasure in them that do them.

2 Therefore thou art ainexcusable, bO man, whosoever thou art that judgest: for cwherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same things. 2 But dwe are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against them which commit such things. 3 And thinkest thou this, bO man, that judgest them which do such things, and doest the same, that thou shalt escape the judgment of God? 4 Or despisest thou ethe riches of his goodness and fforbearance and glongsuffering; hnot knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance? 5 But after thy hardness and impenitent heart itreasurest up unto thyself wrath against kthe day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God; 6 lWho will render to every man according to his deeds: 7 To them who by mpatient continuance in well doing seek for glory and honour and immortality, neternal life: 8 But unto them othat are contentious, and pdo not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and qwrath, 9 rTribulation and ranguish, supon every soul of man that doeth evil, tof the uJew first, and also of the †uGentile; 10 But wglory, whonour, and peace, to every man that worketh good, to the Jew first, and also to the †Gentile: 11 For there is xno respect of persons with God. 12 For uas many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and uas many as have sinned in the law shall be judged yby the law; 13 (For not zthe hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law ashall be justified. 14 For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves: 15 Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts, ||their conscience also bearing witness, and btheir thoughts ||the mean while accusing or else excusing one another;) 16 cIn the day when God shall judge the secrets of men dby Jesus Christ eaccording to my gospel.

17 Behold, fthou art called a Jew, and grestest in the law, and hmakest thy boast of God, 18 And iknowest his will, and ||kapprovest the things that are more excellent, lbeing instructed out of the law; 19 And mart confident that thou thyself art a guide of the blind, a light of them which are in darkness, 20 An instructor of the foolish, a teacher of babes, which hast nthe form of oknowledge and of the truth in the law. 21 pThou therefore which teachest another, teachest thou not thyself? thou that preachest a man should not steal, dost thou steal? 22 qThou that sayest a man should not commit adultery, dost thou commit adultery? thou that abhorrest idols, rdost thou commit sacrilege? 23 sThou that makest thy boast of the law, through breaking the law dishonourest thou God? 24 For tthe name of God is blasphemed uamong the Gentiles through you, as it is written. 25 wFor circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made uncircumcision. 26 Therefore xif the uncircumcision keep ythe righteousness of the law, shall not his uncircumcision be counted for circumcision? 27 And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, zjudge thee, who by athe letter and circumcision dost transgress the law? 28 For bhe is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither is that circumcision, which is outward in the flesh: 29 But he is a Jew, cwhich is one inwardly; and dcircumcision is that of the heart, ein the spirit, and not in athe letter; fwhose praise is gnot of men, but of God.

3 What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit is there of circumcision? 2 Much every way: chiefly, because that aunto them were committed bthe oracles of God. 3 For cwhat if some did not believe? shall their unbelief make dthe faith of God without effect? 4 eGod forbid: yea, let fGod be true, but gevery man a liar; as it is written, hThat thou mightest be justified in thy sayings, and mightest overcome when thou art judged. 5 But if our unrighteousness icommend the righteousness of God, what shall we say? Is God unrighteous who taketh vengeance? k(I speak as a man) 6 eGod forbid: for then lhow shall God judge the world? 7 For if mthe truth of God hath more abounded through mmy lie unto his glory; why yet am I also judged as a sinner? 8 And not rather, (as we be slanderously reported, and as some affirm that we say,) nLet us do evil, that good may come? whose damnation is just.

9 What then? oare we better than they? No, in no wise: for we have before †proved both pJews and qGentiles, that rthey are all under sin; 10 As it is written, sThere is none righteous, no, not one: 11 There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. 12 They are all gone out of the way, they are together tbecome unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one. 13 uTheir throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit; xthe poison of asps is under their lips: 14 yWhose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness: 15 zaTheir feet are swift to shed blood: 16 Destruction and misery are in their ways: 17 And the way of peace have they not known: 18 bThere is no fear of God before their eyes. 19 Now we know that what things soever cthe law saith, it saith to them who are under the law: that devery mouth may be stopped, and eall the world may become ||guilty before God. 20 fTherefore gby the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for hby the law is the knowledge of sin.

21 But now ithe righteousness of God jwithout the law is manifested, being witnessed by klthe law and lmthe prophets; 22 Even the righteousness of God which is nby faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for othere is no difference: 23 For eall have sinned, and come short of the glory of God; 24 Being justified pfreely qby his grace rthrough